Negruțiu Bianca Maria, Costea Cristina Paula, Pîrvan Alexandru Nicolae, Gavra Diana-Ioana, Pusta Claudia Judea, Vaida Ligia Luminița, Moca Abel Emanuel, Iurcov Raluca, Staniș Claudia Elena
Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
Department of Surgical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 10 Piața 1 Decembrie Street, 410073 Oradea, Romania.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jul 17;14(14):5060. doi: 10.3390/jcm14145060.
Orthodontic treatment, whether fixed or removable, offers several benefits, including improved aesthetics, enhanced oral function, and increased self-confidence. However, it may also cause discomfort and pain, particularly following adjustment visits. This study aimed to assess pain characteristics (latency and continuity), food impairment, weight loss, and analgesic use in relation to treatment duration and appliance type. This observational study included 160 orthodontic patients who completed a structured questionnaire comprising 13 single-choice items. The questionnaire assessed age, gender, residential environment, educational status, type and duration of orthodontic treatment, pain characteristics (duration, latency, continuity), food impairment, and analgesic use. Inclusion criteria specified patients with moderate anterior crowding undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment or treatment with clear aligners on both arches, for at least one month. All fixed appliance cases involved 0.022-inch-slot Roth prescription brackets. Patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment reported a higher frequency of pain (91.4%), greater need for analgesics (95.2%), and more food impairment compared to those with clear aligners. Patients treated for less than 6 months more frequently reported pain lasting 1 week (57.1%), while those treated for 1-2 years more commonly reported pain lasting several days (43.8%). Fixed orthodontic appliances are associated with greater discomfort, longer pain latency, more frequent analgesic use, and higher dietary impact compared to clear aligners. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized patient counseling and proactive pain management to improve compliance, enhance quality of life, and support informed decision-making in orthodontic care.
正畸治疗，无论是固定矫治还是活动矫治，都有诸多益处，包括改善美观、增强口腔功能以及提升自信心。然而，它也可能导致不适和疼痛，尤其是在复诊调整之后。本研究旨在评估与治疗时长和矫治器类型相关的疼痛特征（潜伏期和持续性）、饮食受限、体重减轻以及止痛药物的使用情况。这项观察性研究纳入了160名正畸患者，他们完成了一份包含13个单项选择题的结构化问卷。该问卷评估了年龄、性别、居住环境、教育程度、正畸治疗的类型和时长、疼痛特征（持续时间、潜伏期、持续性）、饮食受限以及止痛药物的使用情况。纳入标准规定为中度前牙拥挤且正在接受固定正畸治疗或双侧牙弓使用透明矫治器治疗至少1个月的患者。所有固定矫治器病例均使用0.022英寸槽沟的Roth处方托槽。与使用透明矫治器的患者相比，接受固定正畸治疗的患者报告的疼痛频率更高（91.4%）、对止痛药物的需求更大（95.2%）以及饮食受限情况更严重。治疗时长不足6个月的患者更频繁地报告疼痛持续1周（57.1%），而治疗1至2年的患者更常报告疼痛持续数天（43.8%）。与透明矫治器相比，固定正畸矫治器会带来更大的不适、更长的疼痛潜伏期、更频繁的止痛药物使用以及更高的饮食影响。这些发现强调了个性化患者咨询和积极疼痛管理对于提高依从性、提升生活质量以及支持正畸治疗中明智决策的重要性。
