Neumann Mikael, Martins de Souza André, Marafon Fabiano, Semchechem Rogerio, Cristo Fernando Braga, Venancio Bruno José, da Costa Venancio Luísa, Baldissera Ellen, Piemontez de Oliveira Paulo Eduardo, de Carvalho Victor Valério
Midwest State University, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Guarapuava, Paraná, 85040-167, Brazil.
DSM Nutritional Products Brazil AS, Mairinque, São Paulo, 18120-000, Brazil.
Transl Anim Sci. 2025 Jul 18;9:txaf076. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaf076. eCollection 2025.
The experiment was conducted at the Animal Production Center (NUPRAN), Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Sector, Midwestern Parana State University (UNICENTRO), aiming to evaluate the effect of a blend of natural additives compared to a mix of antibiotics commonly used as ruminal fermentation modifiers on the weight gain performance, dry matter intake, feed efficiency, dry matter apparent digestibility and carcass performance of feedlot finished steers. The experiment lasted 112 d, with 28 d for adaptation and 84 d for evaluation, divided into three periods of 28 d each. Thirty-six crossbred steers (Angus × Nellore in equal proportions), whole males, with an average initial weight of 400 ± 14.0 kg and an average age of 12 ± 1 mo, were used. Steers were allotted in 18 pens (2 steers/pen) under a complete randomized block design experiment (9 replications/treatments). Treatments consisted of a basal diet 35:65 forage to-concentrate supplemented as follows: 1- diet with sodium monensin + Virginiamycin (MO + VM), and 2-diet with a blend containing essential oils + exogenous α-amylase + 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D3 (EO + ENZ + HYD). There were no differences between additives tested on the use of different food additives did not change animal performance, which at the end of 84 d of confinement showed an average daily gain of 1.354 kg (P = 0.1709), dry matter intake of 10.39 kg day (P = 0.7811) and 2.12% of live weight (P = 0.5133), and feed efficiency of 0.137 kg. Steers that receive EO + ENZ + HYD reduced 24% fecal starch (P = 0.0001) and improved the apparent digestibility of DM (1.40%, P = 0.0210), NDF (5.55%, P = 0.0007) and starch (1.30%, P = 0.0001). Animals supplemented with EO + ENZ + HYD showed greater (P = 0.0456) rump fat thickness (12.22 mm) than those supplemented with MO + VM (10.42 mm) at slaughter, and greater marbling and rump fat thickness gain (0.58 points and 5.93 mm) than those supplemented with MO + VM (0.32 points and 7.50 mm) after 84 d of confinement. The blend of essential oils + exogenous α-amylase + 25-hydroxy-vitamin-D3 was effective in replacing the combination of sodium monensin + Virginiamycin on productive performance, apparent digestibility of DM, NDF, and starch, as well as for the disposition of fat in the carcass of steers finished in confinement.
该实验在中西部巴拉那州立大学（UNICENTRO）农业与环境科学系的动物生产中心（NUPRAN）进行，旨在评估与常用作瘤胃发酵调节剂的抗生素混合物相比，天然添加剂混合物对育肥牛增重性能、干物质摄入量、饲料效率、干物质表观消化率和胴体性能的影响。实验持续112天，其中28天用于适应期，84天用于评估期，分为三个各28天的阶段。使用了36头杂交阉牛（安格斯×内罗尔，比例相等），均为雄性，平均初始体重400±14.0千克，平均年龄12±1个月。阉牛被分配到18个围栏中（每围栏2头），采用完全随机区组设计实验（每个处理9次重复）。处理包括基础日粮，精粗比为35:65，并按以下方式补充：1 - 含莫能菌素+维吉尼亚霉素的日粮（MO + VM），以及2 - 含精油+外源α-淀粉酶+ 25-羟基维生素D3的混合物的日粮（EO + ENZ + HYD）。所测试的添加剂在不同食品添加剂的使用上没有差异，动物性能未发生变化，在84天的育肥期结束时，平均日增重为1.354千克（P = 0.1709），干物质摄入量为每天10.39千克（P = 0.7811），占体重的2.12%（P = 0.5133），饲料效率为0.137千克。接受EO + ENZ + HYD的阉牛粪便淀粉减少了24%（P = 0.0001），干物质（1.40%，P = 照0210）、中性洗涤纤维（5.55%，P = 0.0007）和淀粉（1.30%，P = 0.0001）的表观消化率提高。在屠宰时，补充EO + ENZ + HYD的动物臀部脂肪厚度（12.22毫米）比补充MO + VM的动物更大（P = 0.0456），在84天的育肥期后，大理石花纹和臀部脂肪厚度增加量（0.58分和5.93毫米）比补充MO + VM的动物更大（0.32分和7.50毫米）。精油+外源α-淀粉酶+ 25-羟基维生素D3的混合物在育肥牛的生产性能、干物质、中性洗涤纤维和淀粉的表观消化率以及胴体脂肪分布方面有效替代了莫能菌素+维吉尼亚霉素的组合。
