基于正念的重症监护病房护士二次受害者干预支持项目的构建与多维效果评估：一项病例对照研究
Construction and multidimensional effect evaluation of a mindfulness-based second victim intervention support programme for intensive care unit nurses: a case-control study.
作者信息
Chen Xiaolei, Du Aiyan, Yu Mei, Zhang Cen, Zhu Xuefen, Cao Yan, Hua Linghong, Cao Xiaodong
机构信息
Department of Nursing, Wuxi Medical Center, Wuxi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qingyang Road, Liangxi District, Wuxi City, 214000, China.
Department of Nephrology, Wuxi Medical Center, Wuxi People's Hospital, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi City, 214000, China.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jul 29;24(1):988. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03478-y.
BACKGROUND
Intensive care units (ICUs) are high-risk, high-stress environments that substantially increase the likelihood of nursing staff becoming second victims (SVs). However, current research on mindfulness interventions for ICU nurses facing SV effects is limited, particularly due to the lack of systematic intervention protocols tailored to the specific work scenarios of ICU staff.
AIM
This study aims to construct and evaluate the effectiveness of a mindfulness-based SV intervention support programme for ICU nurses.
METHODS
A retrospective case-control design was employed. The experimental group comprised ICU nurses who experienced adverse events between January and December 2023 (n = 50) and received a mindfulness-based support programme. The control group (n = 54) consisted of nurses who reported adverse events between January and December 2022 and received routine psychological support. The effectiveness of the intervention was assessed by comparing the incidence of adverse events, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scores and SV experience and support tool (SVEST) scores.
RESULTS
During the intervention, the incidence of adverse events among ICU nurses in the experimental group decreased by 34%. The results from the PSQI scores indicated that the sleep quality of nurses in the experimental group was significantly better than in the control group after the intervention. Specifically, the PSQI score in the experimental group decreased from 12.94 ± 2.03 at baseline to 9.32 ± 2.13 post-intervention, whereas the control group's score only decreased from 12.76 ± 2.21 to 10.72 ± 1.99. The time effect, intergroup effect and interaction effect of the intervention were all significant (P < 0.01). Additionally, after the intervention, the total SVEST score in the experimental group (76.18 ± 11.74) was significantly lower than that in the control group (91.52 ± 12.71).
CONCLUSION
The mindfulness-based support programme effectively alleviates the psychological distress experienced by ICU nurses as SVs, improves sleep quality and enhances the overall support effect.
CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER
Not applicable.
背景
重症监护病房（ICU）是高风险、高压力的环境，这大大增加了护理人员成为“二次受害者”（SVs）的可能性。然而，目前针对面临SV影响的ICU护士进行正念干预的研究有限，尤其是由于缺乏针对ICU工作人员特定工作场景量身定制的系统干预方案。
目的
本研究旨在构建并评估一项针对ICU护士的基于正念的SV干预支持计划的有效性。
方法
采用回顾性病例对照设计。实验组包括在2023年1月至12月期间经历不良事件的ICU护士（n = 50），并接受了基于正念的支持计划。对照组（n = 54）由在2022年1月至12月期间报告不良事件并接受常规心理支持的护士组成。通过比较不良事件发生率、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）得分以及SV体验与支持工具（SVEST）得分来评估干预的有效性。
结果
在干预期间，实验组ICU护士的不良事件发生率下降了34%。PSQI得分结果表明，干预后实验组护士的睡眠质量明显优于对照组。具体而言，实验组的PSQI得分从基线时的12.94±2.03降至干预后的9.32±2.13，而对照组的得分仅从12.76±2.21降至10.72±1.99。干预的时间效应、组间效应和交互效应均具有显著性（P < 0.01）。此外，干预后，实验组的SVEST总得分（76.18±11.74）显著低于对照组（91.52±12.71）。
结论
基于正念的支持计划有效地减轻了ICU护士作为SV所经历的心理困扰，改善了睡眠质量，并增强了整体支持效果。
临床试验编号
不适用。
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