Lim Wen Xin Janice, Page Rachel A, Gammon Cheryl S, Moughan Paul J
Riddet Institute, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
School of Health Sciences, Massey University, Wellington 6021, New Zealand.
Nutrients. 2025 Jul 9;17(14):2277. doi: 10.3390/nu17142277.
The New Zealand pine bark has been demonstrated in vitro to inhibit digestive enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion (alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidase, and dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4)).
This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects of the New Zealand pine bark on sucrose uptake and glycaemic responses in humans.
A single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, crossover trial was carried out involving healthy adults (n = 40 (M: 12, F: 28), 30.1 ± 1.3 years, BMI 23.4 ± 0.5 kg/m, HbA1c 32.5 ± 0.6 mmol/mol, FBG 4.7 ± 0.1 mmol/L). A control (75 g of sucrose powder only), and two doses of the pine bark extract (50 and 400 mg) were provided on separate occasions, with 75 g of sucrose mixed in 250 mL of water. Blood samples were collected at -10, 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min via a finger prick test. A linear mixed model for repeated measures (SPSS v30, IBM) was applied, and data presented as model-adjusted mean ± SEM.
Compared to control (247.5 ± 14.0 mmol/L⋅min), the iAUCglucose was significantly reduced with the 400 mg dose (211.8 ± 13.9 mmol/L⋅min, 14.4% reduction, and = 0.037), but not with 50 mg dose (220.8 ± 14.2 mmol/L⋅min, 10.8% reduction, and = 0.184). Compared to control (9.1 ± 0.2 mmol/L), glucose peak value was significantly reduced with the 50 mg dose (8.6 ± 0.2 mmol/L, 5.5% reduction, and = 0.016) but not with the 400 mg dose (8.7 ± 0.2 mmol/L, 4.4% reduction, and = 0.093). There were no statistically significant changes in postprandial insulin levels with the pine bark extract compared to control.
The New Zealand pine bark extract attenuated sucrose uptake with improved glycaemic responses, and may therefore be useful as a hypoglycaemic adjunct to the diet.
新西兰松树皮已在体外被证明可抑制参与碳水化合物消化的消化酶（α-淀粉酶、α-葡萄糖苷酶和二肽基肽酶4（DPP-4））。
本研究旨在探讨新西兰松树皮对人体蔗糖摄取和血糖反应的抑制作用。
进行了一项单盲、随机、安慰剂对照、交叉试验，纳入健康成年人（n = 40（男：12，女：28），30.1±1.3岁，BMI 23.4±0.5 kg/m²，糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）32.5±0.6 mmol/mol，空腹血糖（FBG）4.7±0.1 mmol/L）。在不同时间分别提供对照组（仅75 g蔗糖粉）和两剂松树皮提取物（50 mg和400 mg），将75 g蔗糖混入250 mL水中。通过手指针刺试验在-10、0、15、30、45、60、90和120分钟采集血样。应用重复测量的线性混合模型（SPSS v30，IBM），数据以模型调整后的平均值±标准误表示。
与对照组（247.5±14.0 mmol/L·min）相比，400 mg剂量组的葡萄糖曲线下面积（iAUCglucose）显著降低（211.8±13.9 mmol/L·min，降低14.4%，P = 0.037），但50 mg剂量组未降低（220.8±14.2 mmol/L·min，降低10.8%，P = 0.184）。与对照组（9.1±0.2 mmol/L）相比，50 mg剂量组的葡萄糖峰值显著降低（8.6±0.2 mmol/L，降低5.5%，P = 0.016），但400 mg剂量组未降低（8.7±0.2 mmol/L，降低4.4%，P = 0.093）。与对照组相比，松树皮提取物对餐后胰岛素水平无统计学显著变化。
新西兰松树皮提取物可减弱蔗糖摄取并改善血糖反应，因此可能作为饮食中的降血糖辅助剂。
