Ataei Kachouei Amirhossein, Singar Saiful, Wood Amber, Flatt Jason D, Rosenkranz Sara K, Rosenkranz Richard R, Akhavan Neda S
Faculty of Life Sciences: Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Bayreuth, 95326 Kulmbach, Germany.
Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Anne Spencer Daves College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
Nutrients. 2025 Jul 16;17(14):2328. doi: 10.3390/nu17142328.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are among the top 10 causes of death worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests connections between CVD risk factors-including hypertension (HTN), hyperlipidemia (HLP), diabetes mellitus (DM), obesity, and physical inactivity-and AD. The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) dietary pattern has recently garnered considerable attention as a key preventive strategy for both CVDs and AD. While previous studies have examined the connections between CVD risk factors and AD, they have not thoroughly explored their underlying mechanisms. Therefore, the current literature review aims to synthesize the literature and highlight underlying mechanisms from preclinical to clinical studies to elucidate the relationship between CVD risk factors, AD, and the role of the MIND dietary pattern in these conditions. The MIND dietary pattern emphasizes foods rich in antioxidants and brain-healthy nutrients such as vitamin E, folate, polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, fiber, monounsaturated fatty acids, and omega-3 fatty acids. These components have been associated with reduced amyloid-β accumulation in preclinical studies and may contribute to the prevention of AD, either directly or indirectly by affecting CVD risk factors. Despite the extensive evidence from preclinical and observational studies, few clinical trials have investigated the effects of the MIND dietary pattern on cognitive health. Therefore, long-term clinical trials are required to better understand and establish the potential role of the MIND dietary pattern in preventing and managing AD.
心血管疾病（CVDs）和阿尔茨海默病（AD）是全球十大死因之一。越来越多的证据表明，包括高血压（HTN）、高脂血症（HLP）、糖尿病（DM）、肥胖和缺乏身体活动在内的心血管疾病风险因素与阿尔茨海默病之间存在关联。地中海-DASH延缓神经退行性变干预（MIND）饮食模式最近作为心血管疾病和阿尔茨海默病的关键预防策略受到了广泛关注。虽然以往的研究探讨了心血管疾病风险因素与阿尔茨海默病之间的联系，但尚未深入探究其潜在机制。因此，本综述旨在综合文献，突出从临床前研究到临床研究的潜在机制，以阐明心血管疾病风险因素、阿尔茨海默病之间的关系以及MIND饮食模式在这些疾病中的作用。MIND饮食模式强调富含抗氧化剂和对大脑有益的营养素的食物，如维生素E、叶酸、多酚、类黄酮、类胡萝卜素、纤维、单不饱和脂肪酸和ω-3脂肪酸。在临床前研究中，这些成分与淀粉样β蛋白积累减少有关，可能直接或通过影响心血管疾病风险因素有助于预防阿尔茨海默病。尽管临床前和观察性研究有大量证据，但很少有临床试验研究MIND饮食模式对认知健康的影响。因此，需要进行长期临床试验，以更好地理解和确定MIND饮食模式在预防和管理阿尔茨海默病中的潜在作用。
