Ielciu Irina, Filip Gabriela Adriana, Sevastre-Berghian Alexandra C, Bâldea Ioana, Olah Neli-Kinga, Burtescu Ramona Flavia, Toma Vlad Alexandru, Moldovan Remus, Oniga Ilioara, Hanganu Daniela
Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 31;17(1):158. doi: 10.3390/nu17010158.
BACKGROUND/AIM: L. () is an aromatic medicinal species with important nutraceutical potential, having rosmarinic acid (RA) as one of its main metabolites. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of an extract obtained from the leaves of this species and of its main metabolite in improving the streptozotocin-induced damage of hearts and aorta of diabetic rats.
The leaves of the species were used to obtain a hydroethanolic extract, which was analyzed using the LC/MS method. Diabetes mellitus was induced by intraperitoneal streptozotocin administration in rats. After two weeks, oxidative stress parameters were evaluated from the heart and aorta homogenates. NOS3, AMPK, and adiponectin levels were quantified using ELISA tests, and thoracic aorta rings were isolated for contractility evaluation in the organ bath. Phospho-NF-κB, NRF2, HIF1 alfa, iNOS, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) quantification were performed using the Western blot technique.
Carnosic acid, together with rosmarinic acid, were proven to be the main metabolites identified in the composition of the tested extract. Administration of the extract and of RA improved the relaxation response to acetylcholine and the redox status, with the reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide synthase 3 (NOS 3), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), adiponectin, reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. RA significantly enhanced the expression of HIF 1α, NRF2, and pNFkB in the heart.
Administration of the extract and of RA-alleviated oxidative stress, proving vascular and cardiac antioxidant properties in the hearts and aorta of diabetic rats.
背景/目的：迷迭香是一种具有重要营养保健潜力的芳香药用植物，迷迭香酸（RA）是其主要代谢产物之一。本研究旨在评估该植物叶片提取物及其主要代谢产物对改善链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠心脏和主动脉损伤的作用。
采用该植物的叶片制备水乙醇提取物，并用液相色谱/质谱法进行分析。通过腹腔注射链脲佐菌素诱导大鼠患糖尿病。两周后，从心脏和主动脉匀浆中评估氧化应激参数。使用酶联免疫吸附测定试验对一氧化氮合酶3（NOS3）、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）和脂联素水平进行定量，并分离胸主动脉环在器官浴中进行收缩性评估。使用蛋白质印迹技术对磷酸化核因子κB（Phospho-NF-κB）、核因子E2相关因子2（NRF2）、低氧诱导因子1α（HIF1 alfa）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）和甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶（GAPDH）进行定量。
已证实迷迭香酸和鼠尾草酸是受试提取物成分中鉴定出的主要代谢产物。提取物和RA的给药改善了对乙酰胆碱的舒张反应和氧化还原状态，丙二醛（MDA）、一氧化氮合酶3（NOS 3）、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）、脂联素、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）水平以及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性降低。RA显著增强了心脏中HIF 1α、NRF2和pNFkB的表达。
提取物和RA的给药减轻了氧化应激，证明在糖尿病大鼠的心脏和主动脉中具有血管和心脏抗氧化特性。
