Shang Yaming, Xia Yaoru, Yin Yating, Dong Da
Department of Mathematics, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China.
Department of Psychology, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jul 15;16:1576714. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1576714. eCollection 2025.
This article reevaluates the two-stage development theory of social learning by examining the distinct roles of pedagogical and selective learning. Pedagogical learning involves infants' sensitivity to adults' communicative intentions, while selective learning highlights how infants prioritize information from reliable sources. Over time, the influence of pedagogical learning diminishes, whereas selective learning continues to play a central role as children grow. We argue for the distinctiveness and plurality of human social learning and emphasize the foundational role of multiple social interactions in cognitive development. Special attention is given to the transition from reliance on pedagogical cues to selective learning, underscoring the critical role of educators in facilitating this shift. We conclude by highlighting the increasing sophistication of cognitive and social selection processes in observation, imitation, and learning, alongside the implications for educational practices. Future research should investigate differences between social and other forms of learning, the mechanisms underlying the diminishing effects of pedagogical cues with age, the cultural variability in social learning trajectories, and the impact of educational technology on the development of social learning.
本文通过考察教学学习和选择性学习的不同作用,重新评估了社会学习的两阶段发展理论。教学学习涉及婴儿对成人交际意图的敏感性,而选择性学习则突出了婴儿如何优先选择来自可靠来源的信息。随着时间的推移,教学学习的影响逐渐减弱,而选择性学习在儿童成长过程中继续发挥核心作用。我们主张人类社会学习的独特性和多元性,并强调多种社会互动在认知发展中的基础作用。特别关注从依赖教学线索到选择性学习的转变,强调教育工作者在促进这一转变中的关键作用。我们通过强调观察、模仿和学习中认知和社会选择过程的日益复杂,以及对教育实践的影响来得出结论。未来的研究应该调查社会学习与其他学习形式之间的差异、教学线索随年龄增长影响减弱的潜在机制、社会学习轨迹的文化变异性,以及教育技术对社会学习发展的影响。