Topographic Modification of Semi-Crystalline Thermoplastic Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) using Argon Plasma and Femtosecond laser: A Lab-Based Evaluation.

OBJECTIVES

To find out influence of advanced surface modification techniques (argon (Ar) Plasma, Femtosecond (FS) laser, and nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) coating) on the surface roughness (Ra) and shear bond strength (SBS) of resin luting cement to polyetheretherketone (PEEK).

METHODS

The lab-based comparative study followed a checklist for reporting in vitro study (CRIS) guidelines. The study was completed in two months (January 10, 2025, to March 10, 2025) at King Saud University. The study was conducted on sixty-four CAD CAM Vestakeep PEEK tooth-colored discs, divided into four groups (n=16) based on different conditioning methods SA (Group-1), Ar Plasma (Group-2), FS laser (Group-3), and nano-HA coating (Group-4). The Ra was evaluated using a profilometer, while topographical assessments were performed using scanning electron microscopy. Forty samples were subjected to resin cement luting, followed by artificial aging. A universal testing machine was utilized for SBS testing, and failure mode determination was performed using a stereomicroscope. Statistical analysis involved a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's Post Hoc test, with significance set at p=0.05.

RESULTS

The highest Ra (1299.53 ± 0.015) and SBS (15.13 ± 0.11 MPa) values were observed in Group-3 (FS laser). Conversely, the lowest Ra (888.58±0.011) and bond strength (13.43±0.09 MPa) values were exhibited by Group-4 (Nano-HA coatings) specimens.

CONCLUSION

The application of Argon Plasma and Femtosecond laser techniques has shown promise as viable alternatives for PEEK surface conditioning.