Ambrocio Kevin Renz, Beall Jonathan, Garand Kendrea L Focht
Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, PA.
Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2023 Jun;8(3):542-557. doi: 10.1044/2023_persp-22-00221. Epub 2023 Jun 6.
Swallow onset is commonly characterized by bolus location. Quantifying this swallow event using swallow reaction time (SRT) may further inform swallow assessment, but few studies have established normative reference values for SRT using a large sample size and well-tested, standardized, and validated videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS) approach. The purpose of this study was to investigate SRT in a large cohort of healthy adults and the effects of demographic (age, sex) and bolus (viscosity, volume) characteristics on SRT using the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile approach.
Archival VFSSs of 195 healthy adults (21-89 years) were analyzed to obtain SRT across seven standardized swallow tasks ranging from thin to extremely thick liquid and a solid. Descriptive statistics were generated for age, sex, viscosity, and volume. Generalized estimating equation models were computed to explore the effects of demographic and bolus characteristics on SRT.
Variability in SRT was observed among healthy adults across all swallow tasks. Only viscosity significantly influenced SRT. Specifically, thicker viscosities resulted in longer SRT.
Wide variability in SRT was observed in this large cohort of healthy adults across various liquid swallow tasks and a solid task. Thicker viscosities, in particular, yielded longer SRT and should be considered a normal variant. This study further provides normative SRT data related to a commonly used VFSS approach, which clinicians can use as reference values for their patient data.
吞咽起始通常以食团位置为特征。使用吞咽反应时间（SRT）对这一吞咽事件进行量化可能会进一步为吞咽评估提供信息，但很少有研究使用大样本量以及经过充分测试、标准化且经过验证的视频荧光吞咽造影研究（VFSS）方法来建立SRT的标准参考值。本研究的目的是使用改良钡剂吞咽障碍评估量表方法，调查一大群健康成年人的SRT，以及人口统计学特征（年龄、性别）和食团特征（黏稠度、体积）对SRT的影响。
分析了195名健康成年人（21 - 89岁）的存档VFSS，以获取在从稀到极稠的液体及固体的七个标准化吞咽任务中的SRT。生成了关于年龄、性别、黏稠度和体积的描述性统计数据。计算广义估计方程模型，以探讨人口统计学和食团特征对SRT的影响。
在所有吞咽任务中，健康成年人的SRT存在差异。只有黏稠度对SRT有显著影响。具体而言，黏稠度越高，SRT越长。
在这一大群健康成年人中，观察到在各种液体吞咽任务和固体任务中SRT存在广泛差异。特别是较高的黏稠度会产生较长的SRT，应被视为一种正常变异。本研究进一步提供了与常用VFSS方法相关的标准SRT数据，临床医生可将其用作患者数据的参考值。
