Hearon B F, Brinkley J W
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1985 Nov;56(11):1043-51.
An experiment to assess psychomotor performance before and after forward-facing (-Gx) impact was conducted using the AFAMRL Horizontal Decelerator Facility. There were 10 volunteer subjects who participated in 50 tests at 4 impact levels (0 G or sham, 8 G, 10 G, and 12 G). Two initial head positions were explored at the highest impact level. The manikin psychomotor task, a complex reaction time and accuracy task, was used to evaluate performance. Linear and angular accelerations were measured at the head. Although there was a weak correlation between angular head acceleration and prolonged post-impact reaction time, no compelling statistical evidence was found to support the hypothesis that psychomotor performance is degraded with increasing impact severity at these test levels. The highest test level explored in this study may not have been sufficient to produce a change in performance or, alternatively, the manikin task may not have been sufficiently sensitive to measure a change in performance if one was present. In addition, significantly lower angular head acceleration was observed at the 12-G test level when the head was rotated forward initially rather than prepositioned upright against the headrest. The potential for temporary stunning of aircrew members during operational crash landings or ditchings may be reduced by rotating the head forward prior to an imminent crash if time permits.
利用空军阿姆斯特朗实验室水平减速设施进行了一项评估向前冲击（-Gx）前后心理运动表现的实验。有10名志愿者受试者参与了4种冲击水平（0G或假冲击、8G、10G和12G）下的50次测试。在最高冲击水平下探究了两种初始头部位置。使用人体模型心理运动任务，这是一项复杂的反应时间和准确性任务，来评估表现。在头部测量线性和角加速度。尽管头部角加速度与冲击后反应时间延长之间存在微弱相关性，但未发现有力的统计证据支持在这些测试水平下心理运动表现会随着冲击严重程度增加而下降的假设。本研究中探究的最高测试水平可能不足以导致表现发生变化，或者，即便存在表现变化，人体模型任务可能也不够灵敏以测量到这种变化。此外，当头部最初向前旋转而非预先直立靠在头枕上时，在12G测试水平观察到头部角加速度显著更低。如果时间允许，在即将发生碰撞前将头部向前旋转，可能会降低机组人员在实际迫降或水上迫降期间暂时昏迷的可能性。
