Kim Hyouju, Han Hyun-Jung
Department of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
KU Center for Animal Blood Medical Science, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
BMC Vet Res. 2025 Aug 1;21(1):500. doi: 10.1186/s12917-025-04927-1.
The demand for blood transfusions in veterinary medicine is increasing in South Korea, particularly for canine patients. While dog erythrocyte antigen (DEA) 1 is a known cause of acute hemolytic reactions, previous studies have underscored the involvement of DEA 4 and Dal. However, research on these crucial antigens remains limited in South Korea compared to North America and Europe, resulting in a knowledge gap concerning transfusion risks. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of the Dal and DEA 1 and 4 blood types among canine blood donors and recipients in Seoul. Residual blood samples were collected from 105 donor and recipient dogs admitted to the Konkuk Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between April and September 2023. The DEA type 1 blood type was identified using immunochromatographic strip technology, while Dal and DEA 4 blood types were determined through agglutination reactions on specialized test cards.
Among the 105 dogs, 74 (70.48%) tested positive for DEA 1, 97 (92.38%) were DEA 4-positive, and 81 (77.14%) were Dal-positive. Some breeds not previously associated with Dal-negative outcomes, including nine Labrador Retrievers, five Golden Retrievers, a Shepherd, a Siberian Husky, an American Bully, a Miniature Poodle, and a Pungsan dog, tested negative for Dal on agglutination tests. Similarly, three Labrador Retrievers, three Golden Retrievers, one Samoyed, and one Doberman Pinscher tested negative for DEA 4. Larger breeds generally exhibited a lower prevalence for all tested blood types. The prevalence of DEA 1 observed in this study (70.48%) is consistent with prior studies; however, Dal and DEA 4 exhibited lower prevalence rates than those reported in Europe and North Americas, with Dal at 77.14% (compared to 89.3-100%) and DEA 4 at 92.38% (compared to 98.8-100%). Notably, breeds such as Labrador Retrievers, the most represented breed in our sample, exhibited low prevalence, suggesting that they may be an optimal donor in Seoul.
The distributions of DEA 1, DEA 4, and Dal blood types may reveal distinct prevalence patterns in Seoul, South Korea, possibly due to geographical differences, as existing data primarily reflect findings from European and North American.
在韩国，兽医学中对输血的需求日益增加，尤其是犬类患者。虽然犬红细胞抗原（DEA）1是急性溶血反应的已知原因，但先前的研究强调了DEA 4和Dal的参与。然而，与北美和欧洲相比，韩国对这些关键抗原的研究仍然有限，导致在输血风险方面存在知识差距。我们旨在调查首尔犬类献血者和受血者中Dal、DEA 1和4血型的流行情况。2023年4月至9月期间，从孔国兽医教学医院收治的105只供体和受体犬中采集了剩余血样。使用免疫层析试纸技术鉴定DEA 1血型，而通过在专用测试卡上的凝集反应确定Dal和DEA 4血型。
在105只犬中，74只（70.48%）DEA 1检测呈阳性，97只（92.38%）DEA 4呈阳性，81只（77.14%）Dal呈阳性。一些以前与Dal阴性结果无关的品种，包括9只拉布拉多犬、5只金毛寻回犬、1只牧羊犬、1只西伯利亚哈士奇、1只美国恶霸犬、1只迷你贵宾犬和1只丰山犬，在凝集试验中Dal检测呈阴性。同样，3只拉布拉多犬、3只金毛寻回犬、1只萨摩耶犬和1只杜宾犬DEA 4检测呈阴性。较大品种的所有检测血型的流行率通常较低。本研究中观察到的DEA 1流行率（70.48%）与先前的研究一致；然而，Dal和DEA 4的流行率低于欧洲和北美报道的流行率，Dal为77.14%（相比之下为89.3 - 100%），DEA 为4 92.38%（相比之下为98.8 - 100%）。值得注意的是，我们样本中占比最大的品种如拉布拉多犬，其流行率较低，这表明它们可能是首尔的最佳供体。
DEA 1、DEA 4和Dal血型的分布在韩国首尔可能呈现出不同的流行模式，这可能是由于地理差异造成的，因为现有数据主要反映的是欧洲和北美的研究结果。
