Fernandes Beatriz, Nogueira Verónica, Bouguerra Sirine, Soares Cristiano, Fidalgo Fernanda, Machado Joana, Carvalho Susana M P, Ferreira Maria José, Pinto Vera, Rodrigues José, Pereira Carlos M, Pereira Ruth
GreenUPorto/INOV4Agro, Campus de Vairão, Rua da Agrária 747, 4485 646, Vairão, Vila Do Conde, Portugal.
Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua Do Campo Alegre S/N, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2025 Jul;32(31):18892-18907. doi: 10.1007/s11356-025-36824-3. Epub 2025 Aug 2.
Due to the high quantities of solid waste with high concentrations of chromium that the footwear industry produces and its disposal sites, it is vital to understand whether leather residue itself is harmful to the ecosystem. Thus, a microcosm test with multispecies (Brassica oleracea and Eisenia fetida) was carried out using an agricultural soil contaminated with two different leather residues (Wet Blue and Finished Leather) from the footwear industry. After the stabilization period, Brassica oleracea seedlings and Eisenia fetida adults were exposed to these treatments. At the end of the experiment, a series of parameters were analysed in the B. oleracea leaves (leaf chlorophyl content, gas exchange measurements and photosynthetic parameters), in the E. fetida organisms (alkaline comet assay and biomarkers such as acetylcholinesterase and lipid peroxidation) and in the soils (total chromium content, enzymes activity and nitrogen mineralization and potential nitrification). In the case of soil's enzymatic activity, even though some were significantly altered, no negative effects could be attributed to the leather residues. Moreover, the addition of residues to the soil did not significantly affect the plant species; however, the same was not observed for the earthworm E. fetida when in contact with Finished Leather. Overall, Finished Leather residue was the one that caused more effects on the parameters analysed and therefore its disposal should be carefully examined.
由于制鞋业产生的大量含有高浓度铬的固体废物及其处置场所，了解皮革残渣本身是否对生态系统有害至关重要。因此，使用受制鞋业两种不同皮革残渣（蓝湿皮和成品革）污染的农业土壤进行了多物种（甘蓝和赤子爱胜蚓）微观试验。在稳定期过后，将甘蓝幼苗和赤子爱胜蚓成虫暴露于这些处理中。实验结束时，对甘蓝叶片（叶片叶绿素含量、气体交换测量和光合参数）、赤子爱胜蚓生物体（碱性彗星试验以及乙酰胆碱酯酶和脂质过氧化等生物标志物）和土壤（总铬含量、酶活性以及氮矿化和潜在硝化作用）中的一系列参数进行了分析。就土壤酶活性而言，尽管有些酶活性发生了显著变化，但不能将负面影响归因于皮革残渣。此外，向土壤中添加残渣对植物物种没有显著影响；然而，当赤子爱胜蚓与成品革接触时情况并非如此。总体而言，成品革残渣对所分析的参数产生的影响更大，因此其处置应仔细审查。
