Beceiro-Cillero Iñaki, Antelo Juan, Verdes Pedro V, Bento Fátima, Fiol Sarah
CRETUS, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Department of Applied Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
J Environ Manage. 2025 Sep;392:126767. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126767. Epub 2025 Aug 1.
Pollution from textile dye effluents is of growing environmental concern owing to the economic importance of the dye industry, the high toxicity of many dyes and the high cost of decontamination methods. This study evaluated urban-waste derived compost as an eco-friendly and cost-effective adsorbent to decontaminate simulated dye effluents. Batch adsorption experiments showed maximum adsorption capacities of 330, 150 and 35 mg g for Crystal Violet (CV), Brilliant Green (BG), and Rhodamine B (RhB), respectively. Adsorption efficiencies exceeding 80-90 % were achieved under optimal pH and compost dosage. Fixed-bed column experiments confirmed the highest affinity for CV, with a breakthrough time of 700 min, compared to shorter times obtained for BG and RhB. The adsorption affinity largely depended on the chemical structure of the dye, as well as on compost functional groups and surface charge. Phytotoxicity assays using Lollium perenne revealed acute toxicity of CV and BG solutions, with germination rates below 30 % and marked root elongation inhibition. However, leachates from the dye-exposed compost had less effect on germination and root elongation than either non-dye-exposed compost leachates or pure dye solutions, suggesting that the dye-exposed compost poses minimal ecological risk. Overall, these findings confirm that urban-waste compost is an effective and viable adsorbent for textile dye removal from aqueous effluents, with strong potential for wastewater treatment applications and safe reuse as a soil amendment.
由于染料工业的经济重要性、许多染料的高毒性以及去污方法的高成本，纺织染料废水的污染日益引起环境关注。本研究评估了城市垃圾衍生堆肥作为一种生态友好且经济高效的吸附剂，用于净化模拟染料废水。批次吸附实验表明，结晶紫（CV）、亮绿（BG）和罗丹明B（RhB）的最大吸附容量分别为330、150和35 mg/g。在最佳pH值和堆肥用量下，吸附效率超过80-90%。固定床柱实验证实对CV的亲和力最高，穿透时间为700分钟，而BG和RhB的穿透时间较短。吸附亲和力很大程度上取决于染料的化学结构以及堆肥官能团和表面电荷。使用多年生黑麦草进行的植物毒性试验表明，CV和BG溶液具有急性毒性，发芽率低于30%，且对根伸长有明显抑制作用。然而，与未接触染料的堆肥渗滤液或纯染料溶液相比，接触染料的堆肥渗滤液对发芽和根伸长的影响较小，这表明接触染料的堆肥造成的生态风险最小。总体而言，这些发现证实城市垃圾堆肥是一种从水性废水中去除纺织染料的有效且可行的吸附剂，在废水处理应用以及作为土壤改良剂安全再利用方面具有巨大潜力。
