Ashaduzzaman Md, Al Muhit Md Abdullah, Dey Shaikat Chandra, Rahaman Md Mizanur, Mahmudul Hasan H N, Mustary Nusrat, Hossain Md Kaium, Das Malay Kumar
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Institute of Advanced Materials, IAAM, Gammalkilsvägen 18, Ulrika, 590 53, Sweden.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 2;15(1):28288. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-14193-8.
Nanostructured particles offer outstanding diversities of applications in the fields of nanotechnology, nano-engineering, nano-biotechnology, etc. Morphological structure, size distribution, electronic behavior including intrinsic characteristics of nanoparticles depend on the source and synthesis methods. Here, an eco-friendly approach using microwave irradiation for the synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles has been reported. Zinc nitrate was used as a precursor whereas starch and D-glucose were used as capping and reducing agent, respectively. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by different instrumental methods including Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The characteristic λ at 373 nm for ZnO nanoparticles was recorded from UV-Vis absorption spectrum in aqueous system. FT-IR spectrum showed a very sharp peak at 476.62 cm which confirmed the presence of Zn-O bond. The prepared ZnO was highly crystalline having wurtzite structure and the crystallite size was calculated to be 24.41 nm obtained from XRD analysis. FE-SEM images showed that the synthesized ZnO nanoparticles had near- spherical morphology and particle size was found in the range of 40-90 nm. The antibacterial and anti-biofilm application of ZnO nanoparticles were studied and inhibition zones of Gram negative Salmonella typhi (S. typhi), Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)- 8a were found to be 11 mm, 12 mm, 11.5 mm and 13.5 mm, respectively. Besides, ZnO nanoparticles also showed excellent photocatalytic activity against methylene blue dye solution. The easy and eco-friendly fabrication method would play vital role in other nanoparticles synthesis to meet the demand in textile industry, agriculture and medical sectors.
纳米结构颗粒在纳米技术、纳米工程、纳米生物技术等领域具有出色的应用多样性。纳米颗粒的形态结构、尺寸分布、电子行为（包括其固有特性）取决于其来源和合成方法。在此，已报道了一种利用微波辐射合成氧化锌（ZnO）纳米颗粒的环保方法。硝酸锌用作前驱体，而淀粉和D -葡萄糖分别用作封端剂和还原剂。通过不同的仪器方法对合成的纳米颗粒进行了表征，包括紫外可见光谱（UV - Vis）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT - IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、能量色散X射线光谱（EDX）和场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE - SEM）。在水体系中，从紫外可见吸收光谱记录到ZnO纳米颗粒在373 nm处的特征波长。傅里叶变换红外光谱在476.62 cm处显示出一个非常尖锐的峰，证实了Zn - O键的存在。制备的ZnO具有高度结晶性，具有纤锌矿结构，通过X射线衍射分析计算出微晶尺寸为24.41 nm。场发射扫描电子显微镜图像显示，合成的ZnO纳米颗粒具有近球形形态，粒径在40 - 90 nm范围内。研究了ZnO纳米颗粒的抗菌和抗生物膜应用，发现革兰氏阴性伤寒沙门氏菌（伤寒杆菌）、克雷伯氏菌属、大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌8a的抑菌圈分别为11 mm、12 mm、11.5 mm和13.5 mm。此外，ZnO纳米颗粒对亚甲基蓝染料溶液也表现出优异的光催化活性。这种简便且环保的制备方法在其他纳米颗粒合成中对于满足纺织工业、农业和医疗领域的需求将发挥至关重要的作用。
