Hojatitabar Sara, Khezeli Mehdi, Jamshidi Zeinab
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Health Policy and Promotion Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Discov Ment Health. 2025 Aug 3;5(1):115. doi: 10.1007/s44192-025-00261-y.
Religion and spirituality have been introduced as a protective or risk factor for suicidal behaviors from different perspectives, so studies need to address this issue. The present study examined the role of religious-spiritual struggles and psychological well-being in predicting suicidal behaviors in a sample of adults in western Iran.
This cross-sectional study was conducted with 407 adults from Kermanshah city, western Iran, between February and April 2024. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), the Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being (PWB) Questionnaire (18 items). Logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of suicidal behaviors.
In the present study, 78 (19.2%) of the participants were included in the group with suicidal behaviors. The results of the main variables showed that higher PWB was associated with a lower chance of suicidal behavior (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.87-0.98, p-value = 0.007), and higher RSS were associated with a higher chance of suicidal behavior (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08, p-value = 0.043). Women were approximately 2.5 times more likely to have suicidal behaviors than men (OR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.37-5.92, p-value = 0.005). History of suicide attempt in family and friends was associated with 3 and 1.7 times chance of being in suicidal behavior group, respectively.
The results of this study indicated that PWB was associated with a lower likelihood, while RSS was associated with a higher likelihood of suicidal behaviors among Iranian adults. Additionally, being female and having a history of suicide attempts in family and friends were related to an increased probability of suicidal behaviors. These findings highlight the importance of considering psychological and religious-spiritual factors in understanding the correlates of suicidal behaviors, although longitudinal studies are needed to examine causal relationships.
宗教和精神信仰已从不同角度被视为自杀行为的保护因素或风险因素，因此研究需要探讨这一问题。本研究调查了宗教 - 精神挣扎和心理健康在预测伊朗西部成年人自杀行为中的作用。
本横断面研究于2024年2月至4月对来自伊朗西部克尔曼沙赫市的407名成年人进行。参与者完成了一份人口统计学问卷、修订版自杀行为问卷（SBQ - R）、宗教和精神挣扎（RSS）量表以及心理健康（PWB）问卷（18项）。采用逻辑回归分析来确定自杀行为的预测因素。
在本研究中，78名（19.2%）参与者被纳入有自杀行为的组。主要变量的结果显示，较高的心理健康水平与较低的自杀行为可能性相关（OR = 0.92，95%CI：0.87 - 0.98，p值 = 0.007），而较高的宗教 - 精神挣扎水平与较高的自杀行为可能性相关（OR = 1.04，95%CI：1.01 - 1.08，p值 = 0.043）。女性出现自杀行为的可能性约为男性的2.5倍（OR = 2.53，95%CI：1.37 - 5.92，p值 = 0.005）。家人和朋友有自杀未遂史分别与处于自杀行为组的可能性增加3倍和1.7倍相关。
本研究结果表明，在伊朗成年人中，心理健康水平较低与自杀行为可能性较低相关，而宗教 - 精神挣扎水平较高与自杀行为可能性较高相关。此外，女性以及家人和朋友有自杀未遂史与自杀行为概率增加有关。这些发现凸显了在理解自杀行为相关因素时考虑心理和宗教 - 精神因素的重要性，尽管需要纵向研究来检验因果关系。
