Marukurti Abhinash, Reddy Alavala Matta, Nirmala Pangi Vijaya, Kalyani Dasari, Ramaneswari K, Padmavathi I J N, Pemmaraju L Pradeepthi, Silvanus Gotham Samuel, Keerthana Buddha Sai, Farhana Shaik, Ramachandran D, Mallikarjuna B, Kasi Phanindra Babu
School of Life and Health Sciences, Adikavi Nannaya University, Rajamahendravaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama University, Chennai, 600119, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 3;15(1):28303. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-14353-w.
Plant phytochemicals play an immense role in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles, and the quality of phytochemicals used in the synthesis depends on the extraction method, solvent, temperature, etc. An extensive number of studies were carried out on the extraction of phytochemicals using aqueous extract during the synthesis of nanomaterials. Compared to distilled water, methanol can extract diverse phytochemicals at lower temperatures, and very few studies were done on this. Therefore, the present study aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the methanolic extract of Plumeria rubra (PR) leaves. The successful synthesis of AgNPs was achieved by reducing Ag⁺ ions using PR extract. The phytochemistry of PR extract was observed using qualitative screening, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and gas chromatography with flame ionisation detection (GC-FID). The observed surface plasmon resonance using UV-visible spectroscopy confirmed the formation of PR-AgNPs, and the surface functionalization identified with FTIR correlated with the phytochemistry of the PR extract. X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) methods revealed the amorphous nature and particle size distribution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) shows that PR-AgNPs particles have irregular shapes, some of which are embedded on sheet-like structures. The successful inhibition of V. parahaemolyticus was observed at lower concentrations among other tested organisms, and it also reduced 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH). The hemocompatibility and in vitro cytotoxicity assays showed that PR-AgNPs had moderate activity. This study successfully synthesized AgNPs using PR extract, and its biological activities in vitro were also found to be effective.
植物植物化学物质在金属纳米颗粒的合成中发挥着巨大作用，合成中所使用的植物化学物质的质量取决于提取方法、溶剂、温度等。在纳米材料合成过程中，人们对使用水提取物提取植物化学物质进行了大量研究。与蒸馏水相比，甲醇能够在较低温度下提取多种植物化学物质，但对此的研究很少。因此，本研究旨在利用鸡蛋花（PR）叶片的甲醇提取物合成银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）。通过使用PR提取物还原Ag⁺离子成功合成了AgNPs。通过定性筛选、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和火焰离子化检测气相色谱法（GC-FID）观察了PR提取物的植物化学性质。利用紫外可见光谱观察到的表面等离子体共振证实了PR-AgNPs的形成，FTIR鉴定的表面功能化与PR提取物的植物化学性质相关。X射线衍射和高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）方法揭示了其无定形性质和粒径分布。场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM）显示PR-AgNPs颗粒形状不规则，其中一些嵌入片状结构中。在其他受试生物中，在较低浓度下观察到对副溶血性弧菌的成功抑制，并且它还降低了2,2'-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）。血液相容性和体外细胞毒性试验表明PR-AgNPs具有中等活性。本研究成功地利用PR提取物合成了AgNPs，并且发现其体外生物活性也是有效的。
