de França Danilo Alves, Kmetiuk Louise Bach, do Couto Anahi Chechia, Langoni Helio, Biondo Alexander Welker
Department of Animal Production and Preventive Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animals Science, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, 18618-681, Brazil.
Zoonosis Surveillance Unit, City Secretary of Health, Curitiba, PR, 81265-320, Brazil.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 3;15(1):28312. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-09422-z.
This study has investigated Coxiella burnetii and HIV infection among the persons experiencing homelessness of São Paulo city, Brazil, and assessed correspondent associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 203 individuals performing serological tests for anti-C. burnetii and anti-HIV antibodies. A prevalence of 14.8% (30/203) was found for anti-C. burnetii IgG antibodies, with titers ranging from 64 to 1024, while anti-HIV seroprevalence was 6.4% (13/203). No statistical association was found between C. burnetii and HIV seropositivity, or between seropositivity and assessed clinical and epidemiological variables. The findings herein highlight the high homelessness exposure to Q fever, possibly influenced by environmental factors such as dust aerosols, stray animal interactions and unsanitary living conditions. To the authors knowledge, this is the first serosurvey of C. burnetii in persons experiencing homelessness to date. The study herein has emphasized the importance of public health strategies targeting vulnerable populations, particularly in Brazilian major cities. Further C. burnetii surveys should be conducted to establish whether transmission may occur in other persons experiencing homelessness worldwide.
本研究调查了巴西圣保罗市无家可归者中的伯氏考克斯体和艾滋病毒感染情况，并评估了相应的相关危险因素。对203名个体进行了抗伯氏考克斯体和抗艾滋病毒抗体的血清学检测，开展了一项横断面研究。抗伯氏考克斯体IgG抗体的患病率为14.8%（30/203），滴度范围为64至1024，而抗艾滋病毒血清阳性率为6.4%（13/203）。未发现伯氏考克斯体与艾滋病毒血清阳性之间，或血清阳性与评估的临床和流行病学变量之间存在统计学关联。本文的研究结果突出了无家可归者感染Q热的高暴露率，这可能受到灰尘气溶胶、与流浪动物接触及不卫生生活条件等环境因素的影响。据作者所知，这是迄今为止首次对无家可归者进行的伯氏考克斯体血清学调查。本文的研究强调了针对弱势群体的公共卫生策略的重要性，尤其是在巴西的主要城市。应进一步开展伯氏考克斯体调查，以确定在全球其他无家可归者中是否可能发生传播。
