Kupriyanova Yuliya, Schrauwen-Hinderling Vera
Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Düsseldorf, Neuherberg, Germany.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Jul 18;16:1578333. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1578333. eCollection 2025.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) yield valuable metabolic information in a non-invasive way. The current mini review addresses current practice and recent advances in metabolic research, specifically in the field of obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes. The potential application of MRS to investigate lipid and glycogen stores, as well as energy metabolism are reviewed and novel methods to extract more detailed information on fatty acid composition or newly detectable metabolites such as acetylcarnitine or nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NAD) and NADH are discussed. These advances are based on optimization of post-processing or on the application of new schemes for spectral editing to suppress unwanted signal. The advantage of MRS is that it gives real-time dynamic information and therefore, metabolism can be investigated during physiological challenges, such as exercise, food intake or immediate drug action. Due to its non-invasive nature, repeated measurements are possible with MRS, to monitor treatments and interventions and also organs that are not easily accessible for biopsies, such as the liver or the heart can be probed by MRS. When investing in further methodological development, new applications will arise, advancing our understanding of metabolic disease and giving us tools to identify successful treatment and prevention strategies in individuals at risk.
磁共振波谱（MRS）和磁共振成像（MRI）以非侵入性方式提供有价值的代谢信息。本综述阐述了代谢研究的当前实践和最新进展，特别是在肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病领域。本文回顾了MRS在研究脂质和糖原储备以及能量代谢方面的潜在应用，并讨论了提取有关脂肪酸组成或新可检测代谢物（如乙酰肉碱或烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）和NADH）更详细信息的新方法。这些进展基于后处理的优化或用于抑制不需要信号的光谱编辑新方案的应用。MRS的优点在于它能提供实时动态信息，因此可以在生理应激期间（如运动、食物摄入或即时药物作用）研究代谢。由于其非侵入性，MRS可以进行重复测量，以监测治疗和干预，并且还可以探测活检不易获取的器官，如肝脏或心脏。当投资于进一步的方法学发展时，将会出现新的应用，增进我们对代谢疾病的理解，并为我们提供工具，以识别有风险个体的成功治疗和预防策略。
