Makita Mona, Onishi Miyu, Kouno Chika, Kawabe Rika, Doi Naoki, Tahu Yukinobu, Aoyama Tomoki, Nagai-Tanima Momoko
Department of Human Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Kyoto Prefecture Sports Little League Baseball Association, Kyoto, Japan.
Open Access J Sports Med. 2025 Jul 29;16:89-97. doi: 10.2147/OAJSM.S528323. eCollection 2025.
In Japan, pitch count recommendations were proposed to prevent throwing injuries. In our laboratory, 10 years ago, the knowledge and compliance with pitch count recommendations were assessed among coaches in Kyoto Prefecture and compared with those in the US Since then, the youth baseball environment has changed, including the formal implementation of pitch count rules by the Japan Boys League Foundation. However, no studies have examined how such changes have influenced coaches' knowledge and compliance over time. Although it is important for coaches to have prior knowledge of injuries in order to prevent the incidence of Little League Elbow, few studies have assessed the actual experience of coaches.
Of the 242 coaches belonging to the Kyoto Boys' Baseball Association who participated, 172 with valid responses were analyzed. The questionnaire, consistent with a previous study conducted 10 years ago, assessed knowledge and compliance with pitch count recommendations, as well as coaching background and seminar participation.
The proportion of coaches who reported having knowledge of the recommendations significantly increased from 39.8% to 52.3% (p = 0.04), while the compliance rate decreased from 28.3% to 22.1% (p = 0.23). Coaches with knowledge tended to be older and have longer coaching experience, while those who complied were significantly younger and less experienced. Seminar participation was associated with increased knowledge but did not result in higher compliance. Moreover, 70% of coaches were also parents of players; these individuals were younger, had less coaching experience, and were less likely to have attended seminars.
Despite increased knowledge among youth baseball coaches, compliance with pitch count recommendations remains limited. This knowledge-behavior gap suggests the need for educational interventions that address not only the dissemination of information but also cultural and psychological barriers to behavior change. Tailored support may be especially beneficial for younger and less experienced coaches.
在日本，为预防投掷损伤提出了投球数建议。10年前，我们实验室对京都府的教练进行了关于投球数建议的知识和遵守情况的评估，并与美国的教练进行了比较。从那时起，青少年棒球环境发生了变化，包括日本少年棒球联盟正式实施了投球数规则。然而，尚无研究考察这些变化如何随时间影响教练的知识和遵守情况。尽管教练具备损伤方面的先验知识对于预防小联盟肘部损伤的发生率很重要，但很少有研究评估教练的实际经验。
在参与调查的242名京都少年棒球协会教练中，对172名给出有效回复的教练进行了分析。该问卷与10年前进行的一项先前研究一致，评估了对投球数建议的知识和遵守情况，以及教练背景和参加研讨会的情况。
报告了解这些建议的教练比例从39.8%显著增加到52.3%（p = 0.04），而遵守率从28.3%降至22.1%（p = 0.23）。了解相关知识的教练往往年龄较大且执教经验更长，而遵守规定的教练明显更年轻且经验较少。参加研讨会与知识增加相关，但并未导致更高的遵守率。此外，70%的教练也是球员的家长；这些人更年轻，执教经验更少，参加研讨会的可能性也更小。
尽管青少年棒球教练的知识有所增加，但对投球数建议的遵守情况仍然有限。这种知识与行为之间的差距表明，需要开展教育干预措施，不仅要传播信息，还要克服行为改变的文化和心理障碍。量身定制的支持可能对年轻和经验较少的教练尤其有益。
