Walsh Cian M, Esformes Joseph I, Moody Jeremy A, Byrne Paul J
Department of Health and Sport Sciences, South East Technological University (Kilkenny Road Campus), R93 V960 Carlow, Ireland.
Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK.
Muscles. 2025 Jun 2;4(2):17. doi: 10.3390/muscles4020017.
Previous work has found that combining plyometric and resistance training in a single session can be effective in improving maximum strength (muscle contraction ability), vertical jumping, and sprint acceleration performance in young soccer players. However, the literature is scarce in relation to young rugby union players. Thus, the purposes of the present study were to examine the effects of a 6-week combined training (CT) programme that combined plyometric and resistance training in the same session on physical performance measures in adolescent male rugby union players and whether a 4-week period of plyometric training exclusion (Detraining) affects training adaptations.
The participants ( = 15) completed a 6-week CT intervention and 4 weeks of plyometric detraining during the schoolboy rugby union in-season. A performance testing battery was conducted pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 4 weeks post-intervention.
A repeated measures ANOVA showed a significant effect for time on CMJ variables (mean power, mean force, and modified reactive strength index [RSI]), 3RM back squat strength, and 505 test time ( < 0.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed that CMJ variables (mean force, mean power, and peak power), 3RM back squat strength, and 505 test performance significantly increased from pre-intervention to post-intervention ( < 0.05). The 4-week plyometric detraining period significantly augmented CMJ variables (mean force, mean power, and modified RSI) and performance measures (standing broad jump [SBJ], 20 m sprint time, 505 test, and 3RM strength).
The findings indicate that a 6-week CT programme can augment measures of lower-body power, maximal strength, and change of direction performance in adolescent male rugby union players, and a 4-week resistance training-only period (plyometric detraining) does not negatively affect performance adaptations.
先前的研究发现，在同一次训练中结合增强式训练和阻力训练，对于提高年轻足球运动员的最大力量（肌肉收缩能力）、垂直跳跃能力和短跑加速能力是有效的。然而，关于年轻橄榄球联盟球员的相关文献却很少。因此，本研究的目的是探讨一项为期6周的联合训练（CT）计划（即在同一次训练中结合增强式训练和阻力训练）对青少年男性橄榄球联盟球员身体性能指标的影响，以及为期4周的增强式训练排除期（去训练）是否会影响训练适应性。
参与者（n = 15）在高中橄榄球联盟赛季期间完成了为期6周的CT干预和4周的增强式训练去训练。在干预前、干预后和干预后4周进行了一系列性能测试。
重复测量方差分析显示，时间对反向移动跳跃（CMJ）变量（平均功率、平均力和修正反应力量指数[RSI]）、3次重复最大（3RM）后深蹲力量和505测试时间有显著影响（P < 0.05）。两两比较显示，从干预前到干预后，CMJ变量（平均力、平均功率和峰值功率）、3RM后深蹲力量和505测试成绩显著提高（P < 0.05）。为期4周的增强式训练去训练期显著增加了CMJ变量（平均力、平均功率和修正RSI）和性能指标（立定跳远[SBJ]、20米短跑时间、505测试和3RM力量）。
研究结果表明，为期6周的CT计划可以提高青少年男性橄榄球联盟球员的下肢力量、最大力量和变向性能指标，并且为期4周的仅进行阻力训练期（增强式训练去训练）不会对性能适应性产生负面影响。
