Cristerna-Huerta Salma Verenice, Vega-Burgueño Melissa, Vergara-Jiménez Marcela de Jesús, Martínez-López Erika, Barrón-Cabrera Elisa
Facultad de Ciencias de la Nutrición y Gastronomía, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, México.
Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México.
Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Jul 21;7:1602208. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2025.1602208. eCollection 2025.
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a molecular structure involved in inflammation and innate immune response, its overexpression has been associated with the development of several diseases. Physical exercise plays an important role in regulating systemic inflammation, however different types of exercise seem to have a different effect in the regulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
To provide updated information related to the effect of different types and training durations of exercise on NLRP3 inflammasome complex, IL-1β-IL-18 cytokines quantification in adults with different metabolic conditions.
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology for manuscript research and preparation was followed using PubMed, Science Direct, SpringerLink, Scopus and Google Scholar databases for literature review. Out of 1,514 articles identified, only 11 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria.
Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise and moderate resistance exercise seems to significantly decreased concentrations of the cytokine IL-1β, NLRP3 protein and caspase-1, as well as and gene expression. High-intensity aerobic exercise exerted the opposite effects by increasing gene expression and the cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.
Resistance, aerobic and combined exercise (≥8 weeks) were linked to downregulated key NLRP3 inflammasome components across diverse populations. These results support exercise as a safe and effective strategy to modulate NLRP3-driven inflammation. Notably, evidence suggest that resistance and combined modalities showed superior efficacy in reducing both gene and cytokine levels. This positions structured exercise as a valuable tool in managing chronic low-grade inflammation.
NLRP3炎性小体是一种参与炎症和固有免疫反应的分子结构，其过度表达与多种疾病的发生有关。体育锻炼在调节全身炎症中起重要作用，然而不同类型的运动似乎对NLRP3炎性小体的调节有不同的影响。
提供有关不同类型和训练时长的运动对不同代谢状况成年人的NLRP3炎性小体复合物、IL-1β - IL-18细胞因子定量影响的最新信息。
遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）方法进行文献研究和稿件准备，使用PubMed、Science Direct、SpringerLink、Scopus和谷歌学术数据库进行文献综述。在鉴定出的1514篇文章中，只有11篇符合纳入标准。
中等强度有氧运动和中等阻力运动似乎能显著降低细胞因子IL-1β、NLRP3蛋白和半胱天冬酶-1的浓度，以及 和 基因表达。高强度有氧运动则产生相反的效果，增加 基因表达以及细胞因子IL-1β和IL-18。
阻力运动、有氧运动和联合运动（≥8周）与不同人群中关键NLRP3炎性小体成分的下调有关。这些结果支持运动是调节NLRP3驱动的炎症的一种安全有效的策略。值得注意的是，有证据表明阻力运动和联合运动方式在降低基因和细胞因子水平方面显示出更高的功效。这使有组织的运动成为管理慢性低度炎症的一种有价值的工具。
