Tong Yashuang, Tu Yulin, Wang Jingying, Liu Xiuyu, Su Qian, Wang Yanghao, Wang Weizhou
Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
First School of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Jul 21;16:1625806. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1625806. eCollection 2025.
Osteoporosis is a common age-related bone metabolic disorder that significantly affects skeletal health, especially in aging populations. With global demographic shifts, the rising prevalence and disability burden of osteoporosis has placed increasing pressure on healthcare systems, making it a key area of research. A crucial factor in osteoporotic progression is the aging of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which weakens bone regeneration through multiple mechanisms, including reduced osteogenic differentiation, heightened oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and disrupted bone homeostasis. This review explores the intricate relationship between MSCs aging and osteoporosis development, focusing on key processes such as cell cycle arrest, telomere shortening, epigenetic changes, and osteogenic marker expression dysregulation. We also examine potential therapeutic strategies aimed at alleviating MSCs aging, including stem cell-based treatments, senolytic agents, inhibitors targeting the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and biomaterial-assisted approaches such as extracellular vesicles and stimuli-responsive hydrogels. This review aims to provide insights into developing precise therapeutic strategies to restore MSCs function and slow bone loss. Furthermore, we discuss interdisciplinary approaches that link molecular mechanisms to practical applications, offering a broader perspective on addressing osteoporosis in aging societies.
骨质疏松症是一种常见的与年龄相关的骨代谢紊乱疾病，严重影响骨骼健康，在老年人群中尤为明显。随着全球人口结构的变化，骨质疏松症患病率的上升及其导致的残疾负担给医疗系统带来了越来越大的压力，使其成为一个关键的研究领域。骨质疏松症进展的一个关键因素是间充质干细胞（MSC）的衰老，它通过多种机制削弱骨再生，包括成骨分化减少、氧化应激增加、慢性炎症以及骨稳态破坏。本综述探讨了MSC衰老与骨质疏松症发展之间的复杂关系，重点关注细胞周期停滞、端粒缩短、表观遗传变化和成骨标志物表达失调等关键过程。我们还研究了旨在减轻MSC衰老的潜在治疗策略，包括基于干细胞的治疗、衰老细胞裂解剂、针对衰老相关分泌表型的抑制剂以及细胞外囊泡和刺激响应水凝胶等生物材料辅助方法。本综述旨在为制定精确的治疗策略以恢复MSC功能和减缓骨质流失提供见解。此外，我们讨论了将分子机制与实际应用联系起来的跨学科方法，为应对老龄化社会中的骨质疏松症提供了更广阔的视角。
