Tian Rui-Chuan, Zhang Ru-Ya, Ma Chu-Fan
Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing 100142, China.
Graduate School, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China .
Biomolecules. 2025 Feb 13;15(2):276. doi: 10.3390/biom15020276.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent cells present in bone marrow; they play a crucial role in the process of bone formation. Cellular senescence is defined as a stable state of cell cycle arrest that impairs the functioning of cells. Research has shown that aging triggers a state of senescence in BM-MSCs, leading to a reduced capacity for osteogenic differentiation and the accumulation of senescent cells, which can accelerate the onset of various diseases. Therefore, it is essential to explore mechanisms and strategies for the rejuvenation of senescent BM-MSCs. Senile osteoporosis (SOP) is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone formation. The senescence of BM-MSCs is considered one of the most important factors in the occurrence and development of SOP. Therefore, the rejuvenation of BM-MSCs for the treatment of SOP represents a promising strategy. This work provides a summary of the functional alterations observed in senescent BM-MSCs and a systematic review of the mechanisms that facilitate the rejuvenation of senescent BM-MSCs. Additionally, we analyze the progress in and the limitations associated with the application of rejuvenated senescent BM-MSCs to treat SOP, with the aim of providing new insights for the prevention and treatment of SOP.
骨髓间充质基质细胞（BM-MSCs）是存在于骨髓中的多能细胞；它们在骨形成过程中发挥着关键作用。细胞衰老被定义为一种稳定的细胞周期停滞状态，会损害细胞功能。研究表明，衰老会引发BM-MSCs的衰老状态，导致成骨分化能力降低和衰老细胞积累，进而加速各种疾病的发生。因此，探索衰老BM-MSCs年轻化的机制和策略至关重要。老年性骨质疏松症（SOP）是一种以骨形成减少为特征的代谢性骨病。BM-MSCs的衰老被认为是SOP发生和发展的最重要因素之一。因此，使BM-MSCs年轻化以治疗SOP是一种很有前景的策略。这项工作总结了衰老BM-MSCs中观察到的功能改变，并对促进衰老BM-MSCs年轻化的机制进行了系统综述。此外，我们分析了应用年轻化的衰老BM-MSCs治疗SOP的进展及相关局限性，旨在为SOP的预防和治疗提供新的见解。
