Soman Soji, Kulkarni Sanjay, Sherin Farhath, Roy Amrita Arup, Mukharya Anoushka, Pokale Rahul, Mutalik Srinivas
Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education Manipal 576104 Karnataka India
Department of Pharmaceutics, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur 603203 Chengalpattu Tamil Nadu India.
RSC Adv. 2025 Aug 4;15(34):27738-27771. doi: 10.1039/d5ra03443d. eCollection 2025 Aug 1.
Bioinspired quantum dots (BQDs) have garnered significant attention in recent years because of their unique characteristics, including their nanoscale size (less than 10 nm), high surface area, photoluminescence, chemical stability, and ease of synthesis and functionalization. Researchers are increasingly shifting towards the use of biomass-derived precursors instead of chemical compounds for BQD fabrication. These biomass sources are sustainable, eco-friendly, cost effective, widely available, and enable the conversion of waste into valuable materials. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of various fabrication methodologies for BQDs, and the diverse raw materials used in recent studies. Owing to their exceptional properties, combined with simple synthesis routes, BQDs are promising candidates for a range of biomedical applications, particularly in bioimaging, targeted drug delivery, and phototherapy for cancer treatment. BQDs exhibit excellent aqueous solubility, low toxicity, biocompatibility, facile biofunctionalization, and selective cancer targeting. Furthermore, their photoluminescent properties, high longitudinal relaxation values, photothermal effects upon laser irradiation, ability to generate singlet oxygen, and production of HS for gas therapy make them highly effective as cancer theranostic agents. This review specifically highlights the potential of BQDs in breast cancer management while addressing existing challenges in their application.
近年来，受生物启发的量子点（BQDs）因其独特的特性而备受关注，这些特性包括纳米级尺寸（小于10纳米）、高表面积、光致发光、化学稳定性以及易于合成和功能化。研究人员越来越倾向于使用生物质衍生的前驱体而非化合物来制备BQDs。这些生物质来源具有可持续性、生态友好、成本效益高、广泛可得等特点，并且能够将废物转化为有价值的材料。在本综述中，我们对BQDs的各种制备方法以及近期研究中使用的多种原材料进行了全面分析。由于其卓越的性能以及简单的合成路线，BQDs在一系列生物医学应用中具有广阔前景，尤其是在生物成像、靶向药物递送以及癌症治疗的光疗方面。BQDs具有出色的水溶性、低毒性、生物相容性、易于生物功能化以及选择性癌症靶向能力。此外，它们的光致发光特性、高纵向弛豫值、激光照射时的光热效应、产生单线态氧的能力以及用于气体治疗的硫化氢生成能力，使其作为癌症诊疗剂非常有效。本综述特别强调了BQDs在乳腺癌治疗中的潜力，同时也探讨了其应用中存在的挑战。
