Perreras Marie Stella Louise, Kim Jisu
Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Phys Act Nutr. 2025 Jun;29(2):1-10. doi: 10.20463/pan.2025.0008. Epub 2025 Jun 30.
Betaine has been studied for its potential ergogenic effects on strength, power, and body composition. However, its influence on endurance exercise performance remain relatively underexplored. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the impact of betaine supplementation on endurance exercise performance, as assessed through a combination of physiological measures and performance-based outcomes.
A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE to identify studies comparing betaine supplementation with a placebo on endurance performance outcomes in healthy individuals. The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.
A total of five studies (three parallel-design and two crossover-design) met the inclusion criteria. Of these, two studies demonstrated a significant interaction effect on maximum oxygen consumption and mean power at the latter stage of the Wingate Anaerobic Test, two reported a main effect of treatment on mean power, peak power, and oxygen consumption, and one found significant differences in oxygen consumption and blood lactate levels. All included studies were evaluated as having a high risk of bias.
These findings highlight the paucity of evidence regarding the ergogenic potential of betaine in endurance exercise performance and underscore the need for additional, more rigorous research to determine its effectiveness.
甜菜碱已被研究其对力量、功率和身体成分的潜在促力作用。然而，其对耐力运动表现的影响仍相对未被充分探索。本系统评价旨在评估补充甜菜碱对耐力运动表现的影响，通过生理指标和基于表现的结果相结合来评估。
使用PubMed、Cochrane图书馆和EMBASE进行全面的文献检索，以识别比较补充甜菜碱与安慰剂对健康个体耐力表现结果的研究。本评价按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）进行，研究质量使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具进行评估。
共有五项研究（三项平行设计和两项交叉设计）符合纳入标准。其中，两项研究表明在温盖特无氧测试后期对最大耗氧量和平均功率有显著的交互作用，两项报告了治疗对平均功率、峰值功率和耗氧量的主要作用，一项发现耗氧量和血乳酸水平有显著差异。所有纳入研究均被评估为有较高的偏倚风险。
这些发现凸显了关于甜菜碱在耐力运动表现中的促力潜力的证据匮乏，并强调需要进行更多、更严格的研究来确定其有效性。
