Perini Katia, Calise Chiara, Castellari Paola, Nicosia Elena, Colobraro Daniele, Manca Stefania, Grignani Pierpaolo, Roccotiello Enrica
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Genova.
Dipartimento Architettura e Design, Università di Genova, Genova.
Epidemiol Prev. 2025 Mar-Jun;49(2-3):62-69. doi: 10.19191/EP25.2-3.S1.057.
to estimate the microclimatic improvement due to the introduction of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) in a small square (about 1,500 m²) located in a densely built area of the city of Genoa (Liguria Region, Northern Italy), and subject to the Urban Heat Island phenomenon (UHI).
through the microclimatic simulation results of the current state, obtained via the ENVI-met V 4.4.5 software, different microclimatic cooling scenarios were developed and simulated, introducing different vegetation layers (herbaceous, shrubby, arboreal), in increasing quantities per scenario, and clear surfaces. One of them was then selected for the implementation of the pilot project.
the study was done on Piazza Metastasio in the Cornigliano neighbourhood (VI District) in Genoa, in an area delimited by Via Cornigliano (North), Polcevera mouth (South), railway station (West), and Fiumara commercial complex (East). This area was particularly critical due to population density, absence of significant green areas, and weather and climate conditions.
Evaluating the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) allowed to estimate the users' feelings of well-being/malaise inside the examined area, and the potential improvement of these perceptions through targeted greening scenarios.
the simulations of the selected scenario for the pilot project (scenario with minimum greening and with the best microclimatic performance), carried out for one of the hottest days of the last 20 years, show a decrease in the air temperature lower by around 1.8°C, compared to the current state (t current state: 34.4°C, t scenario: 32.6°C). The UTCI shows a decrease of around 4.1°C, compared to the current state, in correspondence with the trees (t current state: 42.0°C, t scenario: 37.9°C).
the kind and the coverage ratio of the plant layers play a fundamental role on the microclimatic parameters with thermal comfort improvement (up to -1.8°C t air, up to -5.4°C UTCI), despite a reduction in the air flow (up to -0.3 m/s).
评估在热那亚市（意大利北部利古里亚大区）一个人口密集的建成区、受城市热岛现象（UHI）影响的小广场（约1500平方米）引入基于自然的解决方案（NbS）后微气候的改善情况。
通过ENVI-met V 4.4.5软件获得当前状态的微气候模拟结果，制定并模拟了不同的微气候降温方案，每个方案引入不同数量的植被层（草本、灌木、乔木）和空地。然后从中选择一个方案实施试点项目。
研究在热那亚科尔尼利亚诺街区（第六区）的梅塔斯塔西奥广场进行，该区域由科尔尼利亚诺路（北）、波尔切韦拉河口（南）、火车站（西）和菲乌马拉商业综合体（东）划定。由于人口密度、缺乏重要绿地以及天气和气候条件，该区域情况尤为严峻。
评估通用热气候指数（UTCI）有助于估计研究区域内使用者的舒适/不适感受，以及通过有针对性的绿化方案对这些感受的潜在改善。
针对过去20年中最热的一天之一，对试点项目选定方案（绿化最少但微气候性能最佳的方案）进行模拟，结果显示与当前状态相比，气温降低了约1.8°C（当前状态温度：34.4°C，方案温度：32.6°C）。与当前状态相比，在树木附近UTCI降低了约4.1°C（当前状态温度：42.0°C，方案温度：37.9°C）。
植物层的种类和覆盖率对微气候参数起着关键作用，能改善热舒适度（空气温度降低可达-1.8°C，UTCI降低可达-5.4°C），尽管气流有所减少（可达-0.3米/秒）。
