Christodoulopoulos Georgios
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Vet Res Commun. 2025 Aug 6;49(5):273. doi: 10.1007/s11259-025-10842-5.
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) is a prevalent metabolic disorder in high-producing dairy and beef cattle, resulting from prolonged ruminal pH depression due to the provision of excessive amount of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates combined with inadequate fiber intake. The condition impairs rumen function, reduces feed efficiency, and negatively affects animal health and productivity. This review critically examines current approaches to the diagnosis and clinical management of SARA, with particular emphasis on recent advances in diagnostic methods, including computerized rumen mucosa colorimetry applied at the slaughterhouse for herd-level assessment. Nutritional strategies are discussed in detail, focusing on Total Mixed Ration (TMR) formulation, the maintenance of an appropriate forage-to-concentrate ratio, and the inclusion of sufficient potentially fermentable Neutral Detergent Fiber (pfNDF) to support rumen motility and microbial balance. Practical tools such as mathematical models for calculating optimal dietary roughage content are also presented. By integrating current research findings with clinically relevant recommendations, this review would contribute to veterinarians, nutritionists, and livestock producers comprehension of improving rumen health, optimizing animal performance, and preventing SARA under commercial feeding conditions.
亚急性瘤胃酸中毒（SARA）是高产奶牛和肉牛中普遍存在的一种代谢紊乱疾病，它是由于提供了过量的快速发酵碳水化合物且纤维摄入量不足，导致瘤胃pH值长期降低所致。这种情况会损害瘤胃功能，降低饲料效率，并对动物健康和生产力产生负面影响。本文综述了目前诊断和临床管理SARA的方法，特别强调了诊断方法的最新进展，包括在屠宰场应用计算机化瘤胃黏膜比色法进行畜群水平评估。详细讨论了营养策略，重点是全混合日粮（TMR）配方、维持适当的粗精比，以及添加足够的潜在可发酵中性洗涤纤维（pfNDF）以支持瘤胃蠕动和微生物平衡。还介绍了一些实用工具，如计算最佳日粮粗饲料含量的数学模型。通过将当前的研究结果与临床相关建议相结合，本文综述将有助于兽医、营养学家和畜牧生产者理解在商业饲养条件下改善瘤胃健康、优化动物性能和预防SARA的方法。
