Zamora-Leiva Leonardo, Soto Jorge, Román-Figueroa Celián, Peña Francisca, Univaso Luciano, Paneque Manuel
Bionostra Chile Research Foundation, Almirante Lynch 1179, San Miguel, Santiago, 8920033, Chile.
Department of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, 8820808, Chile.
Environ Microbiome. 2025 Aug 6;20(1):100. doi: 10.1186/s40793-025-00766-7.
The rhizosphere microbiota is vital for the modulation of plant growth and adaptation, especially in extreme environments. Nitrophila atacamensis is an endemic and endangered plant species in the Salar de Atacama, Chile. However, the specific relationships between N. atacamensis and its microbiota remain largely unknown. We analyzed the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and bulk soils associated with N. atacamensis across eight sites, including Aguas de Quelana and Soncor, which are two distinct hydrogeological systems.
We used high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to classify 886 different bacterial genera from 13,138 unique operational taxonomic units, distributed between rhizosphere and bulk soil samples. Microbial composition and diversity differed significantly between the rhizosphere and bulk soils. The microbial clustering observed among the Aguas de Quelana sites was based on their bacterial profiles and not their physicochemical properties, whereas the Soncor system exhibited high microbial heterogeneity. These findings suggest a potential role for water dynamics in shaping bacterial communities in Aguas de Quelana. Furthermore, the rhizosphere samples clustered into three distinct clades based on microbial composition; Pir4 lineage, Aliifodinibius, and Candidatus Tremblaya genera dominated specific clades.
This study provides the first comprehensive characterization of the rhizosphere and bulk soil bacterial diversity associated with N. atacamensis, providing important ecological and functional insights into its microbial interactions. This further highlights the importance of understanding the rhizosphere microbial diversity in extreme environments and its potential implications for biotechnological applications and conservation efforts. Our findings provide a foundation for future research on microbial-plant interactions in arid ecosystems.
根际微生物群对于调节植物生长和适应至关重要，尤其是在极端环境中。阿塔卡马嗜硝菌是智利阿塔卡马盐沼的一种特有濒危植物物种。然而，阿塔卡马嗜硝菌与其微生物群之间的具体关系仍 largely未知。我们分析了与阿塔卡马嗜硝菌相关的根际和非根际土壤中的细菌群落，这些土壤来自八个地点，包括阿瓜斯·德·凯拉纳和松科尔，它们是两个不同的水文地质系统。
我们使用16S rRNA基因的高通量测序从13138个独特的操作分类单元中分类出886个不同的细菌属，这些分类单元分布在根际和非根际土壤样本中。根际和非根际土壤中的微生物组成和多样性存在显著差异。在阿瓜斯·德·凯拉纳各地点观察到的微生物聚类是基于它们的细菌谱，而非其物理化学性质，而松科尔系统表现出高度的微生物异质性。这些发现表明水动力在塑造阿瓜斯·德·凯拉纳细菌群落方面具有潜在作用。此外，根际样本根据微生物组成聚类为三个不同的进化枝；Pir4谱系、Aliifodinibius属和候选特伦布拉亚属在特定进化枝中占主导地位。
本研究首次全面表征了与阿塔卡马嗜硝菌相关的根际和非根际土壤细菌多样性，为其微生物相互作用提供了重要的生态和功能见解。这进一步凸显了了解极端环境中根际微生物多样性及其对生物技术应用和保护工作潜在影响的重要性。我们的发现为未来干旱生态系统中微生物 - 植物相互作用的研究奠定了基础。
