Güngör Ömür, Özata Güngör Özge
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Division of Occupational Diseases, Health Sciences University, Adana City Training and Research Hospital, Kışla Mahallesi, Dr. Mithat Özsan Bulvarı, 4522, Sokak No: 1, Yüreğir, Adana, 1370, Türkiye.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gazi Mustafa Kemal Occupational and Environmental Diseases Hospital, Emniyet, Silahtar Cd. No: 6, 06560 Yenimahalle, Ankara, 06374, Türkiye.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Aug 6;25(1):2666. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-24014-2.
Attending to the scarcity of research on the burden of occupational respiratory diseases in Türkiye, in the present registry-based epidemiological study, we investigated the incidence of occupational respiratory diseases in the country. This study is based on statistical database on occupational diseases from the Social Insurance Institution. The data from 2013 to 2023 were obtained from the official website. The results revealed that the most common occupational diseases in Türkiye are related to the respiratory system (27%). Most occupational respiratory diseases were pneumoconiosis cases (86.8%). In males, the most common disease was pneumoconioses (88.6%), while, in females, it was occupational asthma (55.4%). The annual mean incidence rate of occupational respiratory diseases amounted to 10.6 instances per 1,000,000 in the working population; it was 14.6 and 1 per 1,000,000 in males and females, respectively. The annual mean incidence rate of all pneumoconioses amounted to 9.2 per 1,000,000, while the incidence of occupational asthma was 0.7 per 1,000,000. The highest level of the incidence rate of occupational respiratory diseases-20.13 per 1,000,000-was observed in 2019. The number of patients diagnosed with occupational respiratory diseases was lower than expected. Although occupational diseases are preventable, in order to be eliminated, they must first be considered a national health problem. Therefore, the national occupational disease burden needs to be thoroughly assessed.
鉴于土耳其关于职业性呼吸系统疾病负担的研究稀缺，在本次基于登记处的流行病学研究中，我们调查了该国职业性呼吸系统疾病的发病率。本研究基于社会保险机构的职业病统计数据库。2013年至2023年的数据从官方网站获取。结果显示，土耳其最常见的职业病与呼吸系统有关（27%）。大多数职业性呼吸系统疾病为尘肺病病例（86.8%）。在男性中，最常见的疾病是尘肺病（88.6%），而在女性中，是职业性哮喘（55.4%）。职业性呼吸系统疾病的年平均发病率在工作人群中为每100万人10.6例；男性和女性分别为每100万人14.6例和1例。所有尘肺病的年平均发病率为每100万人9.2例，而职业性哮喘的发病率为每100万人0.7例。2019年观察到职业性呼吸系统疾病发病率的最高水平——每100万人20.13例。被诊断患有职业性呼吸系统疾病的患者数量低于预期。尽管职业病是可预防的，但为了消除它们，必须首先将其视为一个国家卫生问题。因此，需要对国家职业病负担进行全面评估。
