Al Khamees Mohammad H, AlAlwan Bader, Al Saleh Mohammed, Alqurain Aymen A, Bu-Kheder Mohammed S, Bin Khalaf Habeeb K, Al Fenes Yahya A, Alkhadhrawi Baqer, Al Hajji Abdulhadi, Alsafar Nida
Laboratory Medicine, King Fahad General Hospital, Al Hofuf, SAU.
Laboratory Medicine, Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences, Dammam, SAU.
Cureus. 2025 Jul 7;17(7):e87432. doi: 10.7759/cureus.87432. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive illness characterized by severe morbidity and mortality rates. Although numerous studies on SCD have been conducted worldwide, the hematological features of SCD in the Middle East require further investigation. Therefore, we conducted this study to examine the hematological characteristics of SCD in Saudi Arabia, specifically in the Al Ahsa region. We performed a retrospective examination of health records at King Fahad Hospital in Hofuf, and data were analyzed in relation to gender, age, and other demographic factors. This study included a total of 96 records, with an average age of patients being 33 years. The majority of the patients (60%) were male. Most of the patients were anemic (99%), with one-quarter (26%) suffering from mild-to-moderate anemia (hemoglobin (Hb) above 10 g/dL) and the remaining three-quarters (74%) suffering from severe anemia (Hb below 10 g/dL). Correlation studies show that older patients (above 50 years old) are more severely affected by the disease compared to younger adult groups, evidenced by a strong negative correlation between age and both Hb levels and red blood cell counts (RBCs). Severe anemia is more common in females than in males, with a mean Hb of 8.4 g/dL in females (79% having Hb below 10 g/dL) compared to a mean Hb of 9.0 g/dL in males (71% having Hb below 10 g/dL). About half of the studied SCD population showed abnormal platelet counts (51%), with no significant difference between males and females. Thrombocytosis was slightly more prevalent than thrombocytopenia (31% vs. 20%). Our study indicates that SCD in Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, is associated with moderate-to-severe anemia. The impact of the disease is more pronounced in older individuals and females. Abnormal platelet counts are common among SCD patients in the Al Ahsa region. These findings should be taken into account when addressing SCD in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia and possibly in other regions.
镰状细胞病（SCD）是一种常染色体隐性疾病，其特点是发病率和死亡率都很高。尽管全球范围内已经开展了大量关于SCD的研究，但中东地区SCD的血液学特征仍需进一步研究。因此，我们开展了这项研究，以检查沙特阿拉伯特别是艾哈萨地区SCD的血液学特征。我们对胡富夫法赫德国王医院的健康记录进行了回顾性检查，并根据性别、年龄和其他人口统计学因素对数据进行了分析。本研究共纳入96份记录，患者的平均年龄为33岁。大多数患者（60%）为男性。大多数患者患有贫血（99%），其中四分之一（26%）患有轻度至中度贫血（血红蛋白（Hb）高于10 g/dL），其余四分之三（74%）患有重度贫血（Hb低于10 g/dL）。相关性研究表明，与年轻成年人群体相比，老年患者（50岁以上）受该疾病的影响更严重，年龄与Hb水平和红细胞计数（RBC）之间存在强烈的负相关关系，这证明了这一点。重度贫血在女性中比在男性中更常见，女性的平均Hb为8.4 g/dL（79%的女性Hb低于10 g/dL），而男性的平均Hb为9.0 g/dL（71%的男性Hb低于10 g/dL）。在研究的SCD人群中，约一半（51%）的血小板计数异常，男性和女性之间无显著差异。血小板增多症比血小板减少症略为常见（31%对20%）。我们的研究表明，沙特阿拉伯艾哈萨地区的SCD与中度至重度贫血有关。该疾病的影响在老年人和女性中更为明显。艾哈萨地区的SCD患者中血小板计数异常很常见。在沙特阿拉伯东部省份以及可能在其他地区处理SCD问题时，应考虑这些发现。
