Shani Noam, Zago Miriam, Berthoud Hélène, Marzohl Daniel, Michellod Emilie, Gindro Katia, Giraffa Giorgio, Arias-Roth Emmanuelle
Competence Division Methods Development and Analytics, Research Group Fermentation Organisms, Agroscope, Bern, Switzerland.
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture (CREA-ZA), Lodi, Italy.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2025 Aug;75(8). doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006875.
Several species are responsible for significant losses in the food industry. Here, a novel obligately anaerobic, spore-forming, motile bacterium, designated sp. nov., was isolated from hard and extra-hard cheeses with a defect consisting of a degradation of the cheese matrix. The type strain, FAM 1755, was obtained from Swiss Emmentaler cheese in 1983, and additional strains CREA 4990 and FAM 27665 were isolated from Italian Grana Padano in 2022 and from Swiss silage in 2012, respectively. The rod-shaped, Gram-positive cells of FAM 1755 measured 3-4.5 µm in length and 0.7-0.9 µm in width. Phylogenetic analyses of whole-genome and 16S rRNA gene sequences placed the new taxon close to DSM 104389 and to members of the Group I, such as DSM 795. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) values with related species were below the 95% prokaryotic species threshold, with the highest similarity to DSM 104389 (91.4% ANI). The new species grew at a slightly lower temperature range (20-40 °C) than and and was more halotolerant [0-5% (w/v) NaCl] than . Although genetically closer to , its growth preferences were more similar to those of . It was catalase-, oxidase- and urease-negative, fermented glucose, and hydrolyzed gelatin but not aesculin. The polar lipid profile of FAM 1755 included phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine, accompanied by an unidentified aminophospholipid, several unidentified aminolipids, phospholipids and lipids. Major cellular fatty acids were C CIS 9, C, C, and C DMA. The genomic DNA G+C content was 27.4 mol%. Unlike , the new species consistently hydrolyzed milk proteins, a feature implicated in cheese spoilage. Consequently, we propose the name sp. nov., with the type strain FAM 1755 (=DSM 117478=LMG 33232=CCOS 2102).
有几个物种在食品工业中造成了重大损失。在此，从具有奶酪基质降解缺陷的硬质和超硬质奶酪中分离出一种新型专性厌氧、产芽孢、运动性细菌，命名为sp. nov.。模式菌株FAM 1755于1983年从瑞士埃曼塔尔奶酪中获得，另外的菌株CREA 4990和FAM 27665分别于2022年从意大利格拉纳·帕达诺奶酪和2012年从瑞士青贮饲料中分离得到。FAM 1755的杆状革兰氏阳性细胞长度为3 - 4.5 µm，宽度为0.7 - 0.9 µm。全基因组和16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析表明，这个新分类单元与DSM 104389以及第一组的成员（如DSM 795）亲缘关系较近。与相关物种的平均核苷酸同一性（ANI）值低于95%的原核生物物种阈值，与DSM 104389的相似性最高（ANI为91.4%）。这个新物种的生长温度范围（20 - 40°C）略低于和，并且比更耐盐[0 - 5%（w/v）NaCl]。尽管在基因上与更接近，但其生长偏好更类似于。它过氧化氢酶、氧化酶和脲酶阴性，发酵葡萄糖，水解明胶但不水解七叶苷。FAM 1755的极性脂质谱包括磷脂酰甘油、二磷脂酰甘油和磷脂酰乙醇胺，伴有一种未鉴定的氨基磷脂、几种未鉴定的氨基脂质、磷脂和脂质。主要的细胞脂肪酸为C CIS 9、C、C和C DMA。基因组DNA的G + C含量为27.4 mol%。与不同的是，这个新物种始终能水解乳蛋白，这一特征与奶酪变质有关。因此，我们提议将其命名为sp. nov.，模式菌株为FAM 1755（=DSM 117478 = LMG 33232 = CCOS 2102）。
