Li S Y, Nelson D S
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1985;7(6):881-8. doi: 10.1016/0192-0561(85)90051-7.
A study was made of the effect of acetylspiramycin (ASPM) on the phagocytic activity of mouse macrophages in vitro and in vivo, using opsonized, 51Cr-labelled sheep red blood cells (SRBC) as test particles. Resident mouse peritoneal macrophages cultured with ASPM (25-100 micrograms/ml for 18 h) showed a 62-92% reduction in phagocytosis. This was due to decreases in both attachment and ingestion of SRBC and was additional to the detachment of some macrophages from the surface of the culture chamber. Morphologically the macrophages were vacuolated, with some nuclear condensation. When the cells were cultured for a further 48 h after removal of ASPM there was almost complete functional and morphological recovery. When mice were treated with ASPM (50-100 mg/kg orally for 7 days) their peritoneal macrophages showed increases of 57-121% in phagocytic activity in vitro. In mice treated with ASPM (200 mg/kg orally for 7-21 days) the clearance of i.v. injected opsonized SRBC was significantly accelerated. Thus, although ASPM is reversibly toxic to macrophages in vitro, it is not toxic in vivo, but actually stimulates the mononuclear phagocyte system. It is possible that metabolites of ASPM, such as neospiramycin, produced in vivo but not in vitro, are responsible for the stimulation.
采用调理素化的、51铬标记的绵羊红细胞（SRBC）作为测试颗粒，对乙酰螺旋霉素（ASPM）在体外和体内对小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬活性的影响进行了研究。用ASPM（25 - 100微克/毫升，培养18小时）培养的驻留小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬作用降低了62 - 92%。这是由于SRBC的附着和摄取减少所致，并且除了一些巨噬细胞从培养室表面脱离外。形态学上，巨噬细胞出现空泡化，伴有一些核浓缩。去除ASPM后，细胞再培养48小时，功能和形态几乎完全恢复。当小鼠用ASPM（50 - 100毫克/千克口服，共7天）处理时，其腹腔巨噬细胞在体外的吞噬活性增加了57 - 121%。在用ASPM（200毫克/千克口服，共7 - 21天）处理的小鼠中，静脉注射调理素化SRBC的清除明显加快。因此，尽管ASPM在体外对巨噬细胞有可逆毒性，但在体内无毒，反而能刺激单核吞噬细胞系统。有可能是ASPM在体内而非体外产生的代谢产物，如新螺旋霉素，导致了这种刺激作用。
