Hyun Tae Kyung
Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea.
Plant Pathol J. 2025 Aug;41(4):425-436. doi: 10.5423/PPJ.RW.02.2025.0027. Epub 2025 Aug 1.
The rhizosphere microbiome of Panax ginseng plays a crucial role in promoting plant growth, enhancing stress resilience, and facilitating the biosynthesis of pharmacologically significant ginsenosides. However, continuous monocropping disrupts the microbial community balance, leading to soil degradation, the proliferation of soilborne pathogens, and decreased crop productivity. Advanced multi-omics technologies, such as metagenomics and metabolomics, have provided valuable insights into the structure and function of the ginseng rhizosphere microbiome. These studies highlight its potential for nutrient mobilization, disease suppression, and stress mitigation. Root exudates, including phenolic acids and ginsenosides, influence microbial composition; however, they may also exacerbate soil imbalances by promoting pathogenic fungi. Conversely, beneficial microbes, such as phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and siderophore-producing strains, enhance nutrient availability, mitigate heavy metal toxicity, and suppress pathogens through bioactive metabolites. This review emphasizes the functional roles of the ginseng rhizosphere microbiome and highlights knowledge gaps in leveraging microbial interactions for sustainable cultivation. A more comprehensive understanding of plant-microbe interactions, coupled with the integration of microbiome-driven strategies, can enhance ginseng productivity, boost bioactive compound yields, and support environmentally sustainable agricultural practices. These findings provide a foundation for advancing microbiome research and addressing challenges in ginseng cultivation.
人参的根际微生物群落在促进植物生长、增强抗逆性以及促进具有药理学意义的人参皂苷生物合成方面发挥着关键作用。然而，连续单作会破坏微生物群落平衡，导致土壤退化、土传病原菌增殖以及作物产量下降。宏基因组学和代谢组学等先进的多组学技术为人参根际微生物群的结构和功能提供了有价值的见解。这些研究突出了其在养分活化、病害抑制和应激缓解方面的潜力。包括酚酸和人参皂苷在内的根系分泌物会影响微生物组成；然而，它们也可能通过促进致病真菌而加剧土壤失衡。相反，有益微生物，如解磷细菌和产铁载体菌株，可通过生物活性代谢产物提高养分有效性、减轻重金属毒性并抑制病原菌。本综述强调了人参根际微生物群的功能作用，并突出了在利用微生物相互作用实现可持续种植方面的知识空白。对植物-微生物相互作用的更全面理解，再加上微生物群驱动策略的整合，可以提高人参产量、增加生物活性化合物产量，并支持环境可持续的农业实践。这些发现为推进微生物群研究和应对人参种植中的挑战奠定了基础。
