Wang Zhuoran, Hou Yaxin, Tang Guoheng, Li Yucong, Zhao Yue, Yu Yixin, Wang Guannan, Yan Xiyun, Fan Kelong
CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules (CAS), CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan, Henan Academy of Innovations in Medical Science, Zhengzhou 451163, China.
Fundam Res. 2024 Dec 3;5(4):1369-1383. doi: 10.1016/j.fmre.2024.11.013. eCollection 2025 Jul.
Nanozymes are a unique class of nanomaterials that possess intrinsic enzymatic properties, exhibiting similar reaction kinetics to natural enzymes. As enzyme substitutes in various biomedical applications, nanozymes offer numerous advantages, including low cost, tunable catalytic activity, and exceptional stability. However, their catalytic activities are typically lower than those of natural enzymes, and the lack of precise control over their functional modulation limits their therapeutic potential. To address these challenges, the biomimetic and intelligent design of nanozymes has been introduced as a critical concept for enhancing their functionality. In this review, we will explore the importance of biomimetic design in the development of intelligent nanozymes. We will first introduce the foundational principles and strategies for their targeted design, followed by an overview of recent advances in the regulatory mechanisms and biomedical applications of intelligent nanozymes. Lastly, we will highlight the current limitations in this research field and propose future directions. With continued progress in biomimetic and intelligent design, nanozymes are poised to accelerate their clinical translation and large-scale commercialization, further expanding their potential in therapeutic applications.
纳米酶是一类独特的纳米材料，具有内在的酶特性，其反应动力学与天然酶相似。作为各种生物医学应用中的酶替代品，纳米酶具有许多优点，包括成本低、催化活性可调以及稳定性优异。然而，它们的催化活性通常低于天然酶，并且对其功能调节缺乏精确控制限制了它们的治疗潜力。为应对这些挑战，纳米酶的仿生和智能设计已作为增强其功能的关键概念被引入。在本综述中，我们将探讨仿生设计在智能纳米酶开发中的重要性。我们将首先介绍其靶向设计的基本原理和策略，接着概述智能纳米酶调控机制和生物医学应用的最新进展。最后，我们将强调该研究领域目前的局限性并提出未来方向。随着仿生和智能设计的不断进步，纳米酶有望加速其临床转化和大规模商业化，进一步扩大其在治疗应用中的潜力。
