Adams R M, Maibach H I
J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985 Dec;13(6):1062-9. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(85)70258-7.
During 64 months (1977 to 1983), twelve dermatologists from various sections of the United States studied a total of 713 patients with cosmetic dermatitis out of an estimated total of 13,216 patients with contact dermatitis. The number of patients seen for all causes during this period was 281,100. An important finding was that half of the patients or physicians were unaware that a cosmetic was responsible for their dermatitis. Skin care products, hair preparations (including colors), and facial makeup were responsible for the majority of the reactions. The most important objective was identification of causative ingredients. Eighty-seven percent of the subjects had patch tests. Fragrance, preservatives (Quaternium-15, formaldehyde, imidazolidinyl urea, and parabens), p-phenylenediamine, and glyceryl monothioglycolate were the most frequently identified allergic sensitizers, in that order. In addition to the clinical data, the study permitted assessment of the frequency of cosmetic reactions, although the data may not be entirely representative of the country at large because of the special interests of the dermatologists involved.
在64个月（1977年至1983年）期间，来自美国不同地区的12位皮肤科医生总共研究了713名化妆品皮炎患者，这些患者来自估计总数为13216名的接触性皮炎患者。在此期间因各种原因就诊的患者总数为281100人。一项重要发现是，一半的患者或医生并未意识到化妆品是导致其皮炎的原因。护肤品、头发制品（包括染发剂）和面部化妆品是大多数反应的起因。最重要的目标是确定致病成分。87%的受试者进行了斑贴试验。香料、防腐剂（季铵盐-15、甲醛、咪唑烷基脲和对羟基苯甲酸酯）、对苯二胺和甘油单硫代乙醇酸是最常被鉴定出的变应原，顺序依次如此。除了临床数据外，该研究还对化妆品反应的频率进行了评估，不过由于参与研究的皮肤科医生的特殊兴趣，这些数据可能并不完全代表整个国家的情况。
