Winters-Stone Kerri, Crisafio Mary, Chalmers Christopher, Meyers Gabrielle, Eckstrom Elizabeth, Campbell Kristin L
Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America.
Division of Oncological Sciences, Knight Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States of America.
J Geriatr Oncol. 2025 Sep;16(7):102334. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2025.102334. Epub 2025 Aug 9.
We conducted a scoping review of published controlled exercise oncology trials to inform the development of best practice guidelines for delivering exercise to older cancer survivors.
Eligible articles reported on controlled trials that allocated people ≥65 years old at enrollment and a history of cancer to ≥1 arm of structured exercise training lasting ≥4 weeks that was aimed to improve a health-related outcome. We extracted and summarized data on trial design, basic characteristics, trial outcomes, eligibility criteria, pre-exercise medical clearance, intervention characteristics, feasibility (accrual, retention, adherence, compliance), safety and tolerance.
Out of 1790 articles identified, 1784 were excluded, yielding six eligible studies. Three trials tested a combined aerobic + resistance training program, one trial tested aerobic exercise only, one trial included resistance training only, and one trial compared an arm of resistance training to an arm of aerobic training. Main health-related outcomes were aerobic capacity (n = 1) and physical function (n = 5). Four out of six studies required medical clearance prior to participation and several studies excluded physical (n = 3) and/or cognitive limitations (n = 3). Trial accrual ranged from 21%-37%, adherence ranged from 48%-84%, and retention ranged from 61%-77%. Compliance with exercise training was rarely tracked or reported. One serious adverse event (syncope leading to hospitalization) possibly attributed to exercise was reported across all six trials.
There are very few studies available to inform evidence-based exercise guidelines for older adult cancer survivors. In turn, consensus-based guidelines could provide recommendations so that older cancer survivors receive appropriate exercise guidance.
我们对已发表的癌症运动对照试验进行了一项范围综述，以为制定向老年癌症幸存者提供运动的最佳实践指南提供参考。
符合条件的文章报道了对照试验，这些试验将入组时年龄≥65岁且有癌症病史的人群分配到至少一个结构化运动训练组，训练持续≥4周，旨在改善与健康相关的结局。我们提取并总结了有关试验设计、基本特征、试验结局、纳入标准、运动前医学检查、干预特征、可行性（招募、保留、依从性、顺应性）、安全性和耐受性的数据。
在检索到的1790篇文章中，排除了1784篇，得到6项符合条件的研究。三项试验测试了有氧+抗阻训练相结合的方案，一项试验仅测试了有氧运动，一项试验仅包括抗阻训练，一项试验将抗阻训练组与有氧运动组进行了比较。主要的与健康相关的结局是有氧能力（n = 1）和身体功能（n = 5）。六项研究中有四项要求参与者在参与前进行医学检查，几项研究排除了身体（n = 3）和/或认知限制（n = 3）。试验招募率在21%-37%之间，依从性在48%-84%之间，保留率在61%-77%之间。很少有研究追踪或报告运动训练的顺应性。在所有六项试验中，共报告了一起可能归因于运动的严重不良事件（晕厥导致住院）。
几乎没有研究可为老年癌症幸存者基于证据的运动指南提供参考。相应地，基于共识的指南可以提供建议，以便老年癌症幸存者获得适当的运动指导。
