Muhandiramge Jaidyn, Orchard Suzanne G, Warner Erica T, van Londen Gijsberta J, Zalcberg John R
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Mar 8;14(6):1368. doi: 10.3390/cancers14061368.
A decline in functional status, an individual's ability to perform the normal activities required to maintain adequate health and meet basic needs, is part of normal ageing. Functional decline, however, appears to be accelerated in older patients with cancer. Such decline can occur as a result of a cancer itself, cancer treatment-related factors, or a combination of the two. The accelerated decline in function seen in older patients with cancer can be slowed, or even partly mitigated through routine assessments of functional status and timely interventions where appropriate. This is particularly important given the link between functional decline and impaired quality of life, increased mortality, comorbidity burden, and carer dependency. However, a routine assessment of and the use of interventions for functional decline do not typically feature in the long-term care of cancer survivors. This review outlines the link between cancer and subsequent functional decline, as well as potential underlying mechanisms, the tools that can be used to assess functional status, and strategies for its prevention and management in older patients with cancer.
功能状态下降，即个体进行维持充足健康和满足基本需求所需正常活动的能力下降，是正常衰老的一部分。然而，在老年癌症患者中，功能下降似乎会加速。这种下降可能是由癌症本身、癌症治疗相关因素或两者共同作用导致的。通过对功能状态进行常规评估并在适当的时候及时进行干预，老年癌症患者中出现的功能加速下降可以减缓，甚至部分得到缓解。鉴于功能下降与生活质量受损、死亡率增加、合并症负担以及对护理人员的依赖之间的联系，这一点尤为重要。然而，对功能下降进行常规评估并使用干预措施在癌症幸存者的长期护理中通常并不常见。本综述概述了癌症与随后的功能下降之间的联系、潜在的潜在机制、可用于评估功能状态的工具以及老年癌症患者预防和管理功能下降的策略。
