da Fonseca Leandro Abreu, Montiani-Ferreira Fabiano, Rodriguez Marilyn, Bittar Joao Henrique Jabur, Girardi Fabricia Modolo, Moraes Theo Matos Arantes, Cray Carolyn
Veterinary Department, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States of America.
PeerJ. 2025 Aug 5;13:e19685. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19685. eCollection 2025.
Serum albumin measurement is an important parameter routinely evaluated in clinical biochemistry within the livestock industry. It plays a crucial role in assessing the nutritional and health status of animals, as well as in aiding the diagnosis of various pathological conditions as a complementary tool. Several laboratory methods are available for albumin measurement; however, some methods have been documented to overestimate the concentration of serum albumin the proposed gold standard of serum protein electrophoresis. The primary aim of the study was to analyze the agreement between albumin measurement in bovine serum samples by the capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE), bromocresol green (BCG), and purple (BCP) methods. In addition, AGE and CZE methods were also compared for quantitation of globulin fractions. Lastly, reference intervals were established using all methods using the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) guidelines. Serum samples from 55 clinically normal Brangus cattle (5 ± 1.5 years old) were examined by the four methods. For the albumin method comparison, all methods were significantly correlated ( = 0.55-0.91, < 0.0001) and the bias between methods ranged from 0.01-0.22 g/dL. For AGE and CZE methods, all protein fractions were significantly correlated ( = 0.85-0.91, < 0.0001) except for the alpha 1 fraction ( = 0.21, = 0.12). Five fractions were quantitated using AGE method: albumin, alpha 1, alpha 2, beta, and gamma globulins. For the CZE method, six fractions were resolved with the sub fractionation of beta 1 and beta 2 globulin fractions. The evaluated methods showed good agreement in determining albumin levels in cattle. Although CZE offers higher resolution, it requires careful interpretation and precise definition of fractions. Therefore, methodological choice and consideration of analyzer-specific reference intervals are essential for accurate results.
血清白蛋白测定是畜牧业临床生物化学中常规评估的一个重要参数。它在评估动物的营养和健康状况以及作为辅助工具协助诊断各种病理状况方面发挥着关键作用。有几种实验室方法可用于白蛋白测定；然而，有文献记载，一些方法会高估血清白蛋白的浓度——血清蛋白电泳的公认金标准。该研究的主要目的是分析通过毛细管区带电泳（CZE）、琼脂糖凝胶电泳（AGE）、溴甲酚绿（BCG）和溴甲酚紫（BCP）方法测定牛血清样本中白蛋白的一致性。此外，还比较了AGE和CZE方法对球蛋白组分的定量。最后，根据美国兽医临床病理学会（ASVCP）指南，使用所有方法建立了参考区间。采用这四种方法对55头临床正常的婆罗门牛（5±1.5岁）的血清样本进行了检测。对于白蛋白方法比较，所有方法均显著相关（r = 0.55 - 0.91，P < 0.0001），方法间偏差范围为0.01 - 0.22 g/dL。对于AGE和CZE方法，除α1组分外（r = 0.21，P = 0.12），所有蛋白组分均显著相关（r = 0.85 - 0.91，P < 0.0001）。使用AGE方法定量了五个组分：白蛋白、α1、α2、β和γ球蛋白。对于CZE方法，通过β1和β2球蛋白组分的细分解析出六个组分。所评估的方法在测定牛白蛋白水平方面显示出良好的一致性。虽然CZE提供了更高的分辨率，但需要仔细解释和精确定义组分。因此，方法的选择以及考虑分析仪特定的参考区间对于获得准确结果至关重要。
