Anjum Ahmad Furqan, Anjum Muhammad Burhan, Rehman Raza Ur, Wei Calvin R, Akilimali Aymar, Humayun Ayesha
Department of Public Health & Community Medicine, Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan Medical College, Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute (SZPGMI), Lahore, PB, Pakistan.
Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.
Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2025 Jul 16;87(8):5098-5105. doi: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000003577. eCollection 2025 Aug.
The widespread of Mpox, a zoonotic disease, beyond its endemic regions and declaration of Mpox as a public health emergency by WHO, has raised a global concern. This study aims to compare and analyze the response of various regions across the globe to recent Mpox outbreaks, identify key lessons learned, and propose future strategies to improve public health preparedness.
We conducted a narrative review using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus to identify peer-reviewed articles and official reports published between 2022 and 2024. Countries were selected based on geographic diversity, incidence rates, and data availability. Key comparison parameters included timing of interventions, vaccine rollout, public awareness, diagnostic capacity, and resource allocation. A regionally stratified, thematic analysis was performed to assess the effectiveness of national responses to the Mpox outbreak.
The analysis indicates that there is a high degree of dispersion in the measured outcomes of responses. Countries with a pre-implemented vaccination plan like the UK and USA presented with much lower infection rate than the countries that took reactive measures. Awareness activities in high-risk areas, together with quarantine measures, caused a tremendous reduction of transmission. Nevertheless, there were visible chinks in the knowledge-sharing and funding in global health and this led to higher incidence of infection among the communities with limited access to resources like Nigeria and DRC.
This narrative review demonstrates the importance of customized global coordination and flexibility of public health responses when dealing with emerging infectious diseases. The different regional responses underscore the essentiality of nuanced interventions, early detection, and effective public health messaging. While some territories have been highly proactive and shown excellent management of the situation, others are struggling with resource constraints and a less well-informed population. Future efforts to provide disaster relief should place a greater emphasis on global collaboration, health system strengthening, and training public health professionals. The world can draw lessons from what has worked well or not so well with the current Mpox response to help prepare and mitigate future public health emergency.
猴痘作为一种人畜共患病，在其流行地区之外广泛传播，且世界卫生组织宣布猴痘为突发公共卫生事件，这引发了全球关注。本研究旨在比较和分析全球各地区对近期猴痘疫情的应对情况，确定关键经验教训，并提出未来战略以提高公共卫生防范能力。
我们使用PubMed、谷歌学术和Scopus进行了一项叙述性综述，以识别2022年至2024年期间发表的同行评议文章和官方报告。根据地理多样性、发病率和数据可用性选择国家。关键比较参数包括干预时机、疫苗推广、公众意识、诊断能力和资源分配。进行了区域分层的主题分析，以评估各国对猴痘疫情应对措施的有效性。
分析表明，应对措施的测量结果存在高度分散性。像英国和美国这样预先实施疫苗接种计划的国家，感染率远低于采取应对措施的国家。高风险地区的宣传活动以及检疫措施，使传播大幅减少。然而，全球卫生领域在知识共享和资金方面存在明显漏洞，这导致像尼日利亚和刚果民主共和国等资源获取有限的社区感染率较高。
本叙述性综述表明，在应对新发传染病时，定制化的全球协调和公共卫生应对灵活性非常重要。不同地区的应对措施凸显了细致入微的干预、早期发现和有效的公共卫生信息传递的必要性。虽然一些地区非常积极主动，对局势进行了出色管理，但其他地区则在资源限制和民众信息不足方面苦苦挣扎。未来的救灾工作应更加强调全球合作、加强卫生系统以及培训公共卫生专业人员。世界可以从当前猴痘应对措施的成败中吸取教训，以帮助准备和缓解未来的公共卫生紧急情况。
