Kaufmann P, Gentzen D M, Davidoff M
Arch Gynakol. 1977 Jul 8;222(4):319-32. doi: 10.1007/BF02570658.
In electron microscopic observations on the villous cytotrophoblast in pathologic human placentas we find, besides a general increase of the amount of Langhans cells, significant ultrastructural differences according to the different diseases in pregnancy. Diabetes mellitus: the most striking observations are small, extremely electron dense mitochondria and a lot of intracellular filaments in a hydropic cytoplasm. Rh-incompatibility: according to the stage of placental damage the Langhans cells show a different structure. In light cases we find hydrolic cells with normal mitochondria as well as swollen ones. The plasmalemm shows a lot of foldings and dentations with the syncytium. In serious cases of rh-incompatibility the Langhans cells cover the trophoblastic basal membrane completely. Their electron density is even higher than that of the syncytium. Characteristic lysosomes appear. In the most serious cases the syncytium is completely destroyed and maximal hydropic Langhans cells cover the villi. EPH-gestosis: the Langhans cells show different phases of differentiation, but no other characteristic criteria. The importance of the Langhans cells for the regeneration of the syncytotrophoblast is discussed. Mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum are obviously not formed in the syncytium but they must be regenerated by taking up Langhans cells by syncytial fusion.
在对病理性人类胎盘绒毛细胞滋养层进行的电子显微镜观察中，我们发现，除了朗汉斯细胞数量普遍增加外，根据不同的妊娠疾病还存在显著的超微结构差异。糖尿病：最显著的观察结果是线粒体小且电子密度极高，以及在水肿的细胞质中有大量细胞内细丝。Rh血型不合：根据胎盘损伤的阶段，朗汉斯细胞呈现出不同的结构。在轻度病例中，我们发现有含正常线粒体的水肿细胞以及肿胀的细胞。质膜与合体滋养层有许多褶皱和凹陷。在严重的Rh血型不合病例中，朗汉斯细胞完全覆盖滋养层基底膜。它们的电子密度甚至高于合体滋养层。出现特征性溶酶体。在最严重的病例中，合体滋养层完全被破坏，最大程度水肿的朗汉斯细胞覆盖绒毛。子痫前期：朗汉斯细胞呈现出不同的分化阶段，但没有其他特征性标准。讨论了朗汉斯细胞对合体滋养层再生的重要性。线粒体和粗面内质网显然不是在合体滋养层中形成的，而是必须通过合体融合摄取朗汉斯细胞来进行再生。
