Hang Fulin, Zhong Yaping, Zhu Lihong, Feng Shisong
Department of Sports Big-data Research Center, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.
Hubei Sports and Health Innovation and Development Research Center, Wuhan, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 11;15(1):29298. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15526-3.
In this study, the impact of Plyometric Training (PT) on handball players' performance was explored. Databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost were systematically searched, using mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the calculation result indicators as effect sizes. 11 studies involving 302 subjects were included. Results showed that PT was correlated with improved jumping ability: countermovement jump (MD = 4.14, P < 0.00001) and squat jump (MD = 3.83, P < 0.00001). In change-of-direction ability, T-half performance improved (MD=-0.55, P < 0.0001). As for the sprint ability, 5 m (MD=-0.07, P < 0.00001), 10 m (MD=-0.12, P < 0.00001), and 20 m (MD=-0.15, P<0.00001) sprint times were shortened by PT. PT enhanced throwing abilities: 3 Step Running Throw (MD = 2.78, P = 0.02), Jumping Throw(MD = 1.13, P = 0.04), and Penalty Throw (MD = 1.43, P = 0.0002). In repeated sprint ability (RSA), RSA-total time (MD=-1.03, P < 0.00001), mean time(MD=-0.29, P = 0.03), and best time (MD=-0.15, P<0.00001) decreased, but RSA-fatigue index showed no significant improvement. PT improved limb strength indices such as upper limb relative peak power (MD = 0.52, P < 0.00001) but not maximum braking force. It enhanced left and right handgrip (e.g., right: MD = 59.07, P < 0.00001) yet not balance (e.g., right leg: MD=-0.22, P = 0.23). PT thus improved the performance of handball players. Scientific training designs could maximize their benefits. Therefore, future studies should investigate long-term effects and adaptation mechanisms to provide more precise theoretical support.
在本研究中，探讨了增强式训练（PT）对手球运动员表现的影响。系统检索了PubMed、科学网和EBSCOhost等数据库，将计算结果指标的平均差（MD）和95%置信区间（CI）用作效应量。纳入了11项研究，涉及302名受试者。结果表明，PT与跳跃能力的提高相关：反向移动跳（MD = 4.14，P < 0.00001）和深蹲跳（MD = 3.83，P < 0.00001）。在变向能力方面，T半场成绩有所提高（MD = -0.55，P < 0.0001）。至于短跑能力，PT缩短了5米（MD = -0.07，P < 0.00001）、10米（MD = -0.12，P < 0.00001）和20米（MD = -0.15，P < 0.00001）的短跑时间。PT增强了投掷能力：三步助跑投掷（MD = 2.78，P = 0.02）、跳跃投掷（MD = 1.13，P = 0.04）和罚球投掷（MD = 1.43，P = 0.0002）。在重复冲刺能力（RSA）方面，RSA总时间（MD = -1.03，P < 0.00001）、平均时间（MD = -0.29，P = 0.03）和最佳时间（MD = -0.15，P < 0.00001）均下降，但RSA疲劳指数没有显著改善。PT改善了肢体力量指标，如上肢相对峰值功率（MD = 0.52，P < 0.00001），但未改善最大制动力。它增强了左右手握力（例如，右手：MD = 59.07，P < 0.00001），但未改善平衡能力（例如，右腿：MD = -0.22，P = 0.23）。因此，PT提高了手球运动员的表现。科学的训练设计可以使其收益最大化。因此，未来的研究应调查长期影响和适应机制，以提供更精确的理论支持。
