Desta Fikreab, Zenbaba Demisu, Sahiledengle Biniyam, Metaferia Shifera, Desalegn Tesfaye, Gomora Degefa, Kene Chala, Beressa Girma, Mesfin Telila, Petruka Pammla, Mwanri Lillian
Department of Public Health, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia.
Department of Laboratory, Goba Referral Hospital, Madda Walabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia.
Front Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 28;16:1404896. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1404896. eCollection 2025.
People living with HIV/AIDS are at an increased risk of perceived HIV-related stigma. The effectiveness of social support for perceived HIV-related stigma is hampered by high depression. Although there is evidence that being underweight is associated with perceived HIV-related stigma, the mechanism is not well known. This study aimed to assess perceived HIV-related and the role of body mass index (BMI) on perceived HIV-related stigma in Southeast Ethiopia.
A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 547 randomly selected HIV/AIDS patients in Southeast Ethiopia. Perceived HIV-related stigma was assessed using a 10-item perceived HIV stigma scale assessment tool. Descriptive statistics were computed, and the data were analyzed by logistic regression, correlation, and mediation model.
The magnitude of perceived HIV-related stigma was found to be 68% [95% CI: (64.1%, 71.9%)] among participants. Patients with low social support [AOR=1.5, 95% CI: (1.05, 2.40)], a body mass index (BMI) of <18.5 kg/m (kilogram per meter squared) [(AOR = 5, 95% CI: (2.30, 11.0)], and non-adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) [(AOR: 5, 95% CI: (1.03, 3.05)] were significantly associated with perceived HIV-related stigma. In mediation, the results indicated that the total mediation effect ( = -0.62, 95% CI [-0.828, 0.404]), direct effect ( = -0.30, 95% CI [-0.554, -0.046]), and depression played a chain mediating role (indirect effect) ( = -0.41, 95% CI [-0.557, -0.261]) were significant.
The prevalence of perceived HIV-related stigma was found high. Patients with poor social support and non-adherent to HAART were more likely to suffer from HIV-related perceived stigma. Our findings suggest that there is a relationship between body mass index and perceived HIV-related stigma, while depression can indirectly predict perceived HIV-related stigma.
感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的人群面临的与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感风险增加。高抑郁水平阻碍了社会支持对与艾滋病毒相关耻辱感的缓解效果。尽管有证据表明体重过轻与与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感有关，但其机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东南部与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感以及体重指数（BMI）在其中所起的作用。
在埃塞俄比亚东南部对547名随机选取的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者进行了一项基于医院的横断面研究。使用一个包含10个条目的艾滋病毒耻辱感量表评估工具来评估与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感。计算描述性统计数据，并通过逻辑回归、相关性分析和中介模型对数据进行分析。
研究参与者中与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感程度为68%[95%置信区间：(64.1%, 71.9%)]。社会支持水平低的患者[AOR = 1.5, 95%置信区间：(1.05, 2.40)]、体重指数（BMI）<18.５kg/m²（每平方米千克）的患者[(AOR = 5, 95%置信区间：(2.30, 11.0)]以及未坚持高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）的患者[(AOR: 5, 95%置信区间：(1.03, 3.05)]与与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感显著相关。在中介分析中，结果表明总中介效应（ = -0.62, 95%置信区间[-0.828, 0.404]）、直接效应（ = -0.30, 95%置信区间[-0.554, -0.046]）以及抑郁发挥的链式中介作用（间接效应）（ = -0.41, 95%置信区间[-0.557, -0.261]）均具有统计学意义。
发现与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感患病率很高。社会支持差且未坚持HAART治疗的患者更有可能遭受与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感。我们的研究结果表明体重指数与与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感之间存在关联，而抑郁可间接预测与艾滋病毒相关的耻辱感。
