Chauhan Anjali, Checker Rahul, Sahu Parmeshwar K, Patel Raviraj Singh, Baghel Samrath, Sharma Deepak, Sharma Deepak, Das Bikram K
Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.
Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Aug 12;25(1):1069. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-07036-1.
Gamma ray induced mutation breeding has emerged as an excellent method for expedited development of improved varieties of rice, a staple food for more than half the world's population. However, the assessment of radiation induced variations are primarily phenotypic in nature. In this direction, evaluation of the metabolic signature of bio-active ingredients, which confer beneficial properties to rice, could be employed as a tool to select varieties which not only retain the health benefits of the parent variety but also exhibit better agronomic traits. The present study was, therefore, aimed at evaluating the metabolomic changes in the mutants of Gathuwan, an indigenous Indian rice with immunomodulatory properties. The mutant varieties were developed through gamma irradiation, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based metabolic profiling was performed.
A total of 274 differentially expressed compounds were identified among Gathuwan and four of its mutants (mutant 6, mutant 7, mutant 8 and mutant 12), indicating that gamma irradiation induced stable metabolic alterations. Significant differences were observed in the phytochemical composition of mutants relative to the parent, emphasizing the importance of metabolic screening in functional rice breeding. Cluster analysis and phytochemical profiling revealed that mutant 6 was metabolically closest to the parent variety. Additionally, distinct phytohormonal variations among the mutants were observed which may account for the phenotypic differences in growth and development.
Our study demonstrates that radiation-induced improvement in agronomic traits are accompanied by distinct alterations in phytochemical and phytohormonal profiles in stable rice mutants. These metabolic changes support the functional potential of the mutants and provide insights into the biological mechanisms underlying their traits. Among the mutants, mutant 6 emerges as a promising candidate due to its similarity to the parent in metabolite composition. Therefore, inclusion of metabolomic profiling as a selection criterion offers a powerful tool to identify robust and functionally superior rice varieties.
伽马射线诱变育种已成为加速培育改良水稻品种的一种优良方法，水稻是世界上一半以上人口的主食。然而，对辐射诱导变异的评估主要是基于表型。在这方面，评估赋予水稻有益特性的生物活性成分的代谢特征，可作为一种工具来选择不仅保留亲本品种健康益处而且表现出更好农艺性状的品种。因此，本研究旨在评估具有免疫调节特性的印度本土水稻加图万突变体的代谢组学变化。通过伽马辐射培育出突变品种，并进行了基于液相色谱 - 串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）的代谢谱分析。
在加图万及其四个突变体（突变体6、突变体7、突变体8和突变体12）中总共鉴定出274种差异表达的化合物，表明伽马辐射诱导了稳定的代谢改变。相对于亲本，突变体的植物化学成分存在显著差异，强调了代谢筛选在功能性水稻育种中的重要性。聚类分析和植物化学谱分析表明，突变体6在代谢上与亲本品种最接近。此外，观察到突变体之间存在明显的植物激素变化，这可能解释了生长和发育方面的表型差异。
我们的研究表明，在稳定的水稻突变体中，辐射诱导的农艺性状改善伴随着植物化学成分和植物激素谱的明显改变。这些代谢变化支持了突变体的功能潜力，并为其性状背后的生物学机制提供了见解。在这些突变体中，突变体6因其在代谢物组成上与亲本相似而成为一个有前途的候选者。因此，将代谢组学分析作为选择标准提供了一个强大的工具来鉴定健壮且功能优良的水稻品种。
