Cheng Ziyan, Yan Yuefeng, Zhou En, Gao Boshi, Qin Guangyu, Zhang Kaili, Chen Tao, Ma Guansheng, Huang Xiaoxiao
State Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, MIIT Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural-Functional Integration Materials & Green Manufacturing Technology, Harbin, 150001, China.
Small. 2025 Aug 13:e05866. doi: 10.1002/smll.202505866.
Graphene possesses high carrier mobility and structural tunability, but achieving effective electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption with single-component graphene remains challenging due to the inherent trade-offs among filler loading, impedance matching, and attenuation intensity. Structural engineering of graphene has been proved to be an effective strategy to address this challenge. In this study, a series of short-cut graphene porous fibers (SCGPF) is fabricated through wet-spinning and freeze-drying, and regulating the pore size of SCGPFs to achieve precision control of electromagnetic parameters. The porous structure facilitates the formation of continuous 3D conductive networks among graphene sheets, effectively extending EMW transmission paths and improving impedance matching. Optimized pores enhance the polarization response at the pore edges, SCGPF-30 achieves a minimum reflection loss (RL) of -62.31 dB at 2 wt%. The formation of a large-scale 3D network further amplifies conduction loss at a low filler loading, SCGPF-30-3 reaches a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.61 GHz (10.39-18 GHz) at only 1 wt%. These results demonstrate that synergistic optimization of pore size and conductive network in graphene significantly enhances EMW absorption under an ultralow filler loading, offering a promising strategy for developing high-performance graphene-based electromagnetic protection materials.
石墨烯具有高载流子迁移率和结构可调性，但由于在填料负载、阻抗匹配和衰减强度之间存在固有的权衡，利用单组分石墨烯实现有效的电磁波（EMW）吸收仍然具有挑战性。石墨烯的结构工程已被证明是应对这一挑战的有效策略。在本研究中，通过湿纺和冷冻干燥制备了一系列短切石墨烯多孔纤维（SCGPF），并调节SCGPF的孔径以实现电磁参数的精确控制。多孔结构促进了石墨烯片之间连续3D导电网络的形成，有效地延长了EMW传输路径并改善了阻抗匹配。优化的孔隙增强了孔隙边缘的极化响应，SCGPF-30在2 wt%时实现了-62.31 dB的最小反射损耗（RL）。大规模3D网络的形成在低填料负载下进一步放大了传导损耗，SCGPF-30-3在仅1 wt%时达到了7.61 GHz（10.39-18 GHz）的最大有效吸收带宽（EAB）。这些结果表明，石墨烯中孔径和导电网络的协同优化在超低填料负载下显著增强了EMW吸收，为开发高性能石墨烯基电磁防护材料提供了一种有前景的策略。
