使用标准化测试餐测量的进餐持续时间、咀嚼次数和咀嚼节奏具有高度可重复性和一致性。

High Reproducibility and Agreement of Meal Duration, Number of Chews, and Chewing Tempo Measured with a Standardized Test Meal.

作者信息

Deguchi Kanako, Ikeda Kenichiro, Aoshima Megumi, Hiraiwa Eri, Ono Chisato, Ushiroda Chihiro, Yamamoto-Wada Risako, Iizuka Katsumi

机构信息

Department of Clinical Nutrition, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan.

Faculty of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2025 Jul 25;17(15):2438. doi: 10.3390/nu17152438.

DOI:10.3390/nu17152438

PMID:40806024

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12348919/

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIM: To date, there have been no data regarding the reproducibility or agreement of meal duration when a test meal is eaten. To confirm the reproducibility and agreement of the meal duration, number of chews, chewing tempo, and number of bites of a test meal, we performed a prospective observation study.

METHODS

We measured the duration, number of chews, chewing tempo, and number of bites of a test meal (salmon bento) among 33 participants (male: 15; female: 18) aged 20-60 years who ate twice at 2-week intervals to verify the agreement (by Bland-Altman (BA) analysis) and reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)) by sex.

RESULTS

The meal duration (s) and number of bites (times) were significantly greater in the female group (560.4 (128.7) and 731.9 (266.3), = 0.023; 17.1 (9.9) vs. 26.4 (13.7), = 0.036), and the number of chews tended to be greater in the female group (752.5 (203.3) vs. 938.1 (375.9), = 0.083). Meal duration was positively associated with the number of chews (0.64 [0.53, 0.74], < 0.001) and bites (10.4 [5.1, 15.8], < 0.001). For both sexes, the % error calculated via BA analysis was high for meal duration, the number of chews, and the chewing tempo (21.4 and 13.4%; 16.5 and 18.5%; and 6.8 and 5.3%, respectively) and low for the number of bites (37.9 and 68.9%). The ICCs were high for meal duration (0.73 and 0.90), the number of chews (0.76 and 0.89), and the chewing tempo (0.76 and 0.90), and low for the number of bites (0.84 and 0.69). Moreover, systematic and proportional errors were found only for the number of bites in the female group (median_difference with 95% CI: -9.00 (-13.00, -2.00); -0.320 (-0.45, -0.093)).

CONCLUSIONS

Although the sample size was small due to the exploratory nature of the study, meal duration, number of chews, and chewing tempo had high reproducibility and agreement, at least when this test meal was consumed. These measures may indicate individual-specific eating behavior.

摘要

背景/目的：迄今为止，尚无关于进食试验餐时进餐持续时间的可重复性或一致性的数据。为了确认试验餐的进餐持续时间、咀嚼次数、咀嚼节奏和咬的次数的可重复性和一致性，我们进行了一项前瞻性观察研究。

方法

我们测量了33名年龄在20至60岁之间的参与者（男性15名；女性18名）食用试验餐（三文鱼便当）的持续时间、咀嚼次数、咀嚼节奏和咬的次数，这些参与者每隔2周进食两次，以按性别验证一致性（通过布兰德-奥特曼（BA）分析）和可重复性（组内相关系数（ICC））。

结果

女性组的进餐持续时间（秒）和咬的次数（次）显著更多（分别为560.4（128.7）和731.9（266.3），P = 0.023；17.1（9.9）对26.4（13.7），P = 0.036），女性组的咀嚼次数也有更多的趋势（752.5（203.3）对938.1（375.9），P = 0.083）。进餐持续时间与咀嚼次数（0.64 [0.53, 0.74]，P < 0.001）和咬的次数（10.4 [5.1, 15.8]，P < 0.001）呈正相关。对于男女两性，通过BA分析计算的进餐持续时间、咀嚼次数和咀嚼节奏的百分比误差较高（分别为21.4%和13.4%；16.5%和18.5%；以及6.8%和5.3%），而咬的次数的百分比误差较低（37.9%和68.9%）。进餐持续时间（0.73和0.90）、咀嚼次数（0.76和0.89）和咀嚼节奏（0.76和0.90）的ICC较高，而咬的次数的ICC较低（0.84和0.69）。此外，仅在女性组的咬的次数中发现了系统误差和比例误差（中位数差异及95%置信区间：-9.0（-13.0，-2.0）；-0.320（-0.45，-0.093））。