Zhang Xin, Ren Jie, Tang Li, Zeng Ji-Hong, Tang Jing
Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, People's Republic of China.
Patient Prefer Adherence. 2025 Aug 10;19:2377-2389. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S528222. eCollection 2025.
Glaucoma is the world's leading cause of irreversible blindness, and poor self-management behavior is a global public health problem. Effective self-management behavior is crucial for controlling the progression of the disease. Nevertheless, few studies have carried out large-sample research on the factors influencing self-management behavior in glaucoma patients. The aim of this study was to comprehend the influencing factors of self-management behavior in glaucoma patients in western China and to provide a scientific basis for further exploring the intervention measures to enhance self-management behavior.
This cross-sectional study was conducted at West China Hospital, Sichuan University. It enrolled 538 participants from 12 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions across western China via convenience sampling. Survey instruments included: 1) a self-developed general information questionnaire (covering demographic and disease-related data); 2) the Glaucoma Self-Management Questionnaire (GSMQ); 3) the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS); and 4) the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ).
The mean total score of the glaucoma self-management questionnaire was 50.64±6.06. The mean total score of the social support rating scale was 31.04±7.65. The mean total score on the brief illness perception questionnaire was 47.65±7.33. Patients with glaucoma identified various contributing factors to their condition, with emotion ranking highest at 29.4%, followed by stress at 22.5%, and genetics at 18.2%. Multivariate analysis showed that smoking, type of glaucoma, annual follow-up frequency, assignment of a follow-up doctor, social support, and illness perception significantly affected self-management behaviors (P<0.05).
Self-management behaviors, social support and disease perception of glaucoma patients are all at a moderate level. Smoking, less than two annual follow-ups, primary open-angle glaucoma and not having a designated follow-up doctor are all associated with poorer self-management behaviors. A higher level of social support is associated with improved self-management behavior. Patients who perceived greater harm to their physical wellbeing due to the disease tended to show poorer self-management behavior.
青光眼是全球不可逆性失明的主要原因，自我管理行为不佳是一个全球性的公共卫生问题。有效的自我管理行为对于控制疾病进展至关重要。然而，很少有研究对影响青光眼患者自我管理行为的因素进行大样本研究。本研究的目的是了解中国西部青光眼患者自我管理行为的影响因素，并为进一步探索增强自我管理行为的干预措施提供科学依据。
本横断面研究在四川大学华西医院进行。通过便利抽样从中国西部12个省、直辖市和自治区招募了538名参与者。调查工具包括：1）自行编制的一般信息问卷（涵盖人口统计学和疾病相关数据）；2）青光眼自我管理问卷（GSMQ）；3）社会支持评定量表（SSRS）；4）简易疾病感知问卷（BIPQ）。
青光眼自我管理问卷的平均总分是50.64±6.06。社会支持评定量表的平均总分是31.04±7.65。简易疾病感知问卷的平均总分是47.65±7.33。青光眼患者确定了导致其病情的各种因素，情绪因素占比最高，为29.4%，其次是压力，占22.5%，遗传因素占18.2%。多因素分析表明，吸烟、青光眼类型、年度随访频率、随访医生的安排、社会支持和疾病感知显著影响自我管理行为（P<0.05）。
青光眼患者的自我管理行为、社会支持和疾病感知均处于中等水平。吸烟、每年随访次数少于两次、原发性开角型青光眼以及没有指定的随访医生均与较差的自我管理行为相关。较高水平的社会支持与改善的自我管理行为相关。因疾病而认为对自身身体健康危害较大的患者往往表现出较差的自我管理行为。
