Abdel-Wahab Dalia A, El-Zawahry Aida M I, Hamada Afaf M, Abdel-Salam Maha M, Samy Ahmed M
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El Kharja, Egypt.
Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Aug 4;16:1560126. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2025.1560126. eCollection 2025.
Root-knot nematodes ( spp.) are a major threat to pomegranate cultivation. Nanoparticles (NPs) present a possible substitute nematicide that lessens dependency on potentially dangerous chemical nematicides. This study assessed the efficacy of copper oxide (CuO) and iron oxide (FeO) NPs to promote pomegranate ( L. cultivar Hegazy) growth and provide protection against the root-knot nematode (). The application of the NPs as copper oxide (CuO) and iron oxide (FeO) involved both drenching and spraying using 50 mg/L on one-year-old pomegranate ( cultivar Hegazy) seedlings, nematode-infected with (). By assessing how CuO and FeO NPs affect nematode and pomegranate growth, and some biochemical traits. Treatments with NPs successfully reduced the number of pomegranate root egg masses, galls, and juvenile nematodes in soil. NP treatments exhibited increased side branching, leaf area, levels of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll , , and carotenoids), total antioxidants, thiol compounds [glutathione (GSH), non-protein thiols (NPTs), protein thiols (PTs)], and flavonoids. However, NP treatments reduced the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline, stress markers, in pomegranate plants infected with nematodes. NP treatments did not affect the production of phenolic compounds in pomegranates. These results indicate that the NP effect partially depends on the increased production of photosynthetic pigments, thiol compounds, and flavonoids. These results elucidate how nanoparticles control nematode infection. Further research in this area is necessary to determine whether NPs are the best treatment for nematode infections.
根结线虫是石榴种植的主要威胁。纳米颗粒是一种可能的替代杀线虫剂，可减少对潜在危险化学杀线虫剂的依赖。本研究评估了氧化铜（CuO）和氧化铁（FeO）纳米颗粒促进石榴（品种Hegazy）生长以及抵御根结线虫的效果。将纳米颗粒以氧化铜（CuO）和氧化铁（FeO）的形式应用，对感染根结线虫的一年生石榴（品种Hegazy）幼苗进行50 mg/L的灌根和喷雾处理。通过评估CuO和FeO纳米颗粒对线虫和石榴生长以及一些生化特性的影响。纳米颗粒处理成功减少了石榴根卵块、虫瘿和土壤中幼虫线虫的数量。纳米颗粒处理使侧枝数量、叶面积、光合色素（叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素）水平、总抗氧化剂、硫醇化合物[谷胱甘肽（GSH）、非蛋白硫醇（NPTs）、蛋白硫醇（PTs）]和类黄酮增加。然而，纳米颗粒处理降低了感染线虫的石榴植株中丙二醛（MDA）和脯氨酸（应激标志物）的积累。纳米颗粒处理对石榴中酚类化合物的产生没有影响。这些结果表明，纳米颗粒的作用部分取决于光合色素、硫醇化合物和类黄酮产量的增加。这些结果阐明了纳米颗粒如何控制线虫感染。该领域需要进一步研究以确定纳米颗粒是否是线虫感染的最佳处理方法。
