印度43个癌症登记处的癌症发病率和死亡率

Cancer Incidence and Mortality Across 43 Cancer Registries in India.

作者信息

Mathur Prashant, Sathishkumar Krishnan, Das Priyanka, Santhappan Stephen, Sankarapillai Jayasankar, Nath Anita, Baburao Vishwakarma Monesh, Swaminathan Rajaraman, Pitchaimuthu Sampath, Deo Sankaravamsam Venkata Suryanarayana, Manoharan Nalliah, Deshmane Vinay, Koyande Shravani, Gupta Sudeep, Budukh Atul, Thejaswini Boraiah, Vijay C R, Mathew Aleyamma, George Preethi Sara, Balasubramanian Satheesan, Sunilkumar Saina, Pandya Shashank, Shah Anand, Chakrabarti Jayanta, Jatua Debasish, Nair Rekha A, Najmi Arshad Manzoor, Wani Shaqul Qamar, Gundeti Sadashivudu, Majumdar Gautam, Debbarma Shiromani, Thaliath B Paul, Ghosh Radharani, Mahantshetty Umesh, Fernandes Dolorosa, Pradhan Satyajit, Khanna Divya, Barmon Debabrata, Rahman Tashnin, Malik Reeni, Shrivastava Atul, Langstieh Wallambok, Jagtap Vikas, Zomawia Eric, Chhakchhuak Lalchhandama, Khuraijam Sushma, Laishram Rajesh Singh, Panse Nandakumar, Dulange Vijaya, Sheikh Shah Alam, Dey Ajit Kumar, Gulia Ashish, Pahwa Vandita, Asthana Smita, Singh Shalini, Bodal Vijay Kumar, Kaur Mohanvir, Gupta Anupama, Thakur Jarnail S, Dikshit Rajesh, Kannan R Ravi, Tapkire Ritesh, Patil Suvarna, Sarade Monika, Sharma Adity, Ahmed Zarika, Chaturvedi Pankaj, Singh Ravikant, Sherpa Ashok Tshering, Pradhan Priya D, Lokhande Deepali, Saoba Sushama, Khamo Vinotsole, Hiese K Shevo, Tawsik Sopai, Hage Nobin, Jerang Kaling

机构信息

Indian Council of Medical Research, National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India.

Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar Chennai, India.

出版信息

JAMA Netw Open. 2025 Aug 1;8(8):e2527805. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.27805.

DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.27805

PMID:40833697

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12368690/

Abstract

IMPORTANCE

Cancer is a significant global health concern, with India ranking second in Asia and third in the world in terms of cancer incidence. Regular monitoring and updates on cancer statistics are vital for assessing the impact and burden of the disease and the effectiveness of cancer control measures.

OBJECTIVE

To measure the recent patterns and trends in cancer incidence and mortality across 43 geographic regions in India from 2015 to 2019 and to provide estimates for 2024.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used data from 43 population-based cancer registries across India, covering varying periods between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2019. Population at-risk data were obtained from the Census of India, and findings were assessed by registry area. Data were analyzed from May 1 to December 20, 2024.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES

Number of cases, crude rates, and age-adjusted rates (per 100 000 population) for cancer incidence and mortality, estimated average annual percent change (AAPC) from time trends, and estimated cancer cases in India for 2024.

RESULTS

Incidence of 708 223 cases with 206 457 deaths from 43 population-based cancer registries were included. The lifetime risk of developing cancer in India was 11.0%, while Mizoram in the Northeastern region reported lifetime risks of 21.1% in males and 18.9% in females. The district of Aizawl reported the highest age-adjusted incidence rate (AAIR) in both males (256.1; 95% CI, 245.2-267.0) and females (217.2; 95% CI, 207.6-226.7). The most common cancers were oral, lung, and prostate in males and breast, cervical, and ovarian in females. Among metropolitan cities (defined as an urban agglomeration with a population of over 1 million), Delhi had the highest overall cancer AAIR for males (146.7; 95% CI, 145.1-148.3), while Srinagar recorded the highest AAIR for lung cancer (39.5; 95% CI, 35.8-43.2). Oral cancer showed significant increases in 14 population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) among males and 4 PBCRs among females; Ahmedabad Urban had an increase of 4.7% (95% CI, 2.9% to 6.6%) in males and 6.9% (95% CI, 4.1% to 9.7%) in females. The estimated AAPC in AAIR (all sites) showed a significant increase over time in Kamrup Urban in males (3.3%; 95% CI, 2.3%-4.3%) and Thiruvananthapuram Taluk in females (3.4%; 95% CI, 3.1%-3.8%). The estimated cancer incidence for 2024 was 1 562 099 cases; estimated cancer mortality, 874 404 cases.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE

This cross-sectional study highlighted significant regional disparities in cancer incidence across India and the increasing cancer burden. The findings provide key insights for policymakers to enhance resource allocation and strengthen cancer control strategies nationwide.

摘要

重要性

癌症是全球重大的健康问题，印度的癌症发病率在亚洲排名第二，在世界排名第三。定期监测和更新癌症统计数据对于评估该疾病的影响和负担以及癌症控制措施的有效性至关重要。

目的

衡量2015年至2019年印度43个地理区域癌症发病率和死亡率的近期模式及趋势，并提供2024年的预估数据。

设计、背景和参与者：这项横断面研究使用了印度43个基于人群的癌症登记处的数据，涵盖2015年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间的不同时间段。风险人群数据来自印度人口普查，并按登记地区评估结果。数据于2024年5月1日至12月20日进行分析。

主要结局和测量指标

癌症发病率和死亡率的病例数、粗率和年龄调整率（每10万人口）、根据时间趋势估算的平均年度百分比变化（AAPC）以及2024年印度的癌症病例预估数。

结果

纳入了43个基于人群的癌症登记处的708223例发病病例和206457例死亡病例。印度患癌的终生风险为11.0%，而东北地区的米佐拉姆邦报告男性终生风险为21.1%，女性为18.9%。艾藻尔县男性和女性的年龄调整发病率（AAIR）均最高（男性为256.1；95%CI，245.2 - 267.0；女性为217.2；95%CI，207.6 - 226.7）。男性最常见的癌症是口腔癌、肺癌和前列腺癌，女性是乳腺癌、宫颈癌和卵巢癌。在大城市（定义为人口超过100万的城市群）中，德里男性的总体癌症AAIR最高（146.7；95%CI，145.1 - 148.3），而斯利那加肺癌的AAIR最高（39.5；95%CI，35.8 - 43.2）。口腔癌在14个基于人群的癌症登记处（PBCR）中男性发病率显著上升，在4个PBCR中女性发病率显著上升；艾哈迈达巴德市男性发病率上升了4.7%（95%CI，2.9%至6.6%），女性上升了6.9%（95%CI，4.1%至9.7%）。男性中，卡姆鲁普市城区AAIR（所有部位）的预估AAPC随时间显著上升（3.3%；95%CI，2.3% - 4.3%），女性中， Thiruvananthapuram Taluk的AAIR预估AAPC显著上升（3.4%；95%CI，3.1% - 3.8%）。2024年预估癌症发病率为1562099例；预估癌症死亡率为874404例。