Li Hui, Chen Enhao, Lin Shenglong, Cheng Liang, Zhang Guofang
Rural Revitalization Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Aug 20;15(1):30535. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16445-z.
Precise evaluation of ecosystem service value (ESV) under climate variability is essential for supporting regional ecological management. This study has improved the equivalent factor method. This method takes into account local factors such as temperature, precipitation, net primary productivity (NPP), and tourism revenue, and dynamically adjusts the equivalent coefficient for Longyan City (a humid subtropical area in China). The Equivalent Factor Method after Improvement (EFMAI) is evaluated against the Functional Value Method (FVM) and the baseline Equivalent Factor Method before Improvement (EFMBI), using statistical indicators such as R², RMSE, and Theil's U. Results indicate that EFMAI substantially improves the accuracy of regulation and cultural service estimations, aligning closely with FVM outputs. Specifically, ESV changes from 2010 to 2020 show that regulation services contributed 47.6% of the total increase, followed by cultural services (29.4%), while supply services remained relatively stable, reflecting stronger dependence on exogenous socio-economic factors. Despite these improvements, EFMAI does not consistently outperform EFMBI in supply services due to the limited responsiveness of biophysical models to economic and institutional variables. Moreover, cultural service discrepancies arise from differences in measurement basis: EFMAI employs tourism income, whereas FVM uses site-specific visitation data. Given these limitations, the method provides a more nuanced tool for service valuation in policy-oriented regions similar to China and contributes to methodological advancements in climate-adjusted ESV assessment.
在气候变化背景下精确评估生态系统服务价值（ESV）对于支持区域生态管理至关重要。本研究改进了当量因子法。该方法考虑了温度、降水、净初级生产力（NPP）和旅游收入等当地因素，并对龙岩市（中国一个湿润亚热带地区）的当量系数进行动态调整。使用R²、RMSE和泰尔U等统计指标，将改进后的当量因子法（EFMAI）与功能价值法（FVM）和改进前的基准当量因子法（EFMBI）进行比较。结果表明，EFMAI显著提高了调节和文化服务估值的准确性，与FVM的输出结果密切吻合。具体而言，2010年至2020年的ESV变化表明，调节服务占总增长的47.6%，其次是文化服务（29.4%），而供给服务相对稳定，这反映出其对外部社会经济因素的更强依赖性。尽管有这些改进，但由于生物物理模型对经济和制度变量的响应有限，EFMAI在供给服务方面并不总是优于EFMBI。此外，文化服务差异源于测量基础的不同：EFMAI采用旅游收入，而FVM使用特定地点的游客数据。鉴于这些局限性，该方法为中国等政策导向型地区的服务估值提供了一个更细致入微的工具，并有助于气候调整后的ESV评估方法的进步。
