Wu Jing-Yi, Tang Ruo-Nan, Wang Jia-Wen, Chen Wan-Ying, Liu Xing, Wang Ji-Wen, Li Mei-Ya, Jiang Fu-Sheng
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zhejiang-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Liver and Spleen Simultaneous Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2025 Aug 6;16:1595714. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1595714. eCollection 2025.
(L.) R. Br., a medicinally significant orchid used for millennia in China, is systematically reviewed regarding its botany, resources, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and propagation strategies to advance therapeutic utilization and conservation.
Using keywords such as "," "phytochemistry," "propagation and breeding," "bioactive compounds," "immunomodulatory effects," and "neuroprotective potential," we systematically searched literature related to plants from databases including Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, ACS Publications, CNKI, Wanfang Data, Google Scholar, and Baidu Scholar.
A total of 1,074 papers were retrieved and 133 full-text articles were ultimately selected and comprehensively reviewed. Up to now, over 203 metabolites have been identified in the tubers of , including benzyl ester glucosides, stilbenoids, phenanthrenes, phenolic derivatives, alkaloids and polysaccharides. Pharmacological studies validate its multi-target therapeutic potential across tonification, anti-fatigue interventions, oxidative stress mitigation, antiviral defense, and management of gastric ulcers and silicosis. Despite extensive research on the pharmacological properties of crude extracts, the relationship between specific bioactive compounds and their corresponding pharmacological activities, particularly , remains poorly understood. Critically, overexploitation and habitat degradation have led to its classification as an endangered species. Current propagation efforts face significant challenges, including low natural germination rates, and dependence on specific habitats and obligate mycorrhizal fungi, precluding the development of efficient large-scale cultivation and seedling production systems.
Marked progress has been made in characterizing small-molecule metabolites of , yet comprehensive structural elucidation of polysaccharides remains incomplete. Additionally, research must be intensified on synergistic interactions of bioactive constituents, molecular targets, mechanisms of action, and metabolic pathways to facilitate development of a quality standard system. For propagation, wild-simulated cultivation should be adopted for resource conservation, while optimizing symbiotic germination techniques is critical to overcome propagation bottlenecks, ultimately enabling sustainable utilization.
（某种植物学名，此处用英文表示）是一种在中国有着数千年药用历史的重要兰花，对其植物学、资源、民族药用应用、植物化学、药理学及繁殖策略进行系统综述，以促进其治疗应用和保护。
使用“植物化学”“繁殖与育种”“生物活性化合物”“免疫调节作用”“神经保护潜力”等关键词，从包括科学网、科学发现者、PubMed、美国化学会出版物、中国知网、万方数据、谷歌学术和百度学术等数据库中系统检索与该植物相关的文献。
共检索到1074篇论文，最终筛选出133篇全文文章并进行全面综述。截至目前，已在该植物块茎中鉴定出203种以上代谢产物，包括苄酯糖苷、芪类化合物、菲类化合物、酚类衍生物、生物碱和多糖。药理学研究证实其在滋补、抗疲劳干预、减轻氧化应激、抗病毒防御以及胃溃疡和矽肺治疗方面具有多靶点治疗潜力。尽管对粗提物的药理特性进行了广泛研究，但特定生物活性化合物与其相应药理活性之间的关系，尤其是（此处原文未明确指出的特定化合物或情况）仍知之甚少。至关重要的是，过度开发和生境退化已导致其被列为濒危物种。目前的繁殖工作面临重大挑战，包括自然发芽率低、依赖特定生境和专性菌根真菌，这阻碍了高效大规模栽培和种苗生产系统的发展。
在该植物小分子代谢产物的表征方面已取得显著进展，但多糖的全面结构解析仍不完整。此外，必须加强对生物活性成分的协同相互作用、分子靶点、作用机制及代谢途径的研究，以促进质量标准体系的建立。对于繁殖，应采用仿野生栽培进行资源保护，同时优化共生发芽技术对于克服繁殖瓶颈至关重要，最终实现可持续利用。
